{"entity":{"id":"prkdc","kind":"target","name":"PRKDC","aka":["protein kinase, DNA-activated, catalytic subunit","DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit","DNPK1","p350","DNAPK","XRCC7","DNA-PKcs","DNAPKc","DNA-PKC","p460","HYRC1"],"tldr":"PRKDC (DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit) is a protein kinase, an enzyme that switches other proteins on by adding phosphate groups. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, a biomarker and a DNA repair gene, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Melanoma, Non-small-cell lung cancer and Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.","summary":"Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a molecular sensor for DNA damage. Involved in DNA non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) required for double-strand break (DSB) repair and V(D)J recombination. Must be bound to DNA to express its catalytic properties.\n\nCIViC holds 3 clinical evidence items and 0 assertions across 1 variant, naming Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody and Anti-PD1 Monoclonal Antibody.","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:9413","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:9413"},{"label":"UniProt P78527","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P78527/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 5591","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5591"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000253729","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000253729"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["civic"],"cancers":["melanoma","nsclc","dlbcl"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: CIViC lists 2 therapies; CIViC holds 3 clinical evidence items on its variants; UniProt keyword \"DNA repair\". Evidence tier \"clinical-evidence\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"PRKDC","role":["drug-target","biomarker","dna-repair"],"evidenceTier":"clinical-evidence","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:9413","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:9413","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt P78527","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P78527/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"CIViC gene PRKDC","url":"https://civicdb.org/features/4529","note":"3 evidence items, 0 assertions, 1 variants; diseases: Melanoma, Lung Non-small Cell Carcinoma, Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (GraphQL API, CC0)"}],"specificity":"broadly-expressed","distribution":"few-types","specificityNote":"Broadly expressed or essential: HPA lists PRKDC among essential proteins and finds the RNA at low tissue specificity; a medicine acting on the wild-type protein would expose normal tissue too. HPA PRKDC: RNA low tissue specificity; high antibody staining in 43 normal tissues; highest cancer staining breast cancer (12 of 12 high). Distribution: 3 cancer families in the corpus carry a prevalence row, label threshold or catalogue link for it (Skin cancer (all types), Lung cancer (all types), Lymphoma); Open Targets associates it with 0 specific cancer types at or above 0.5. (Rule 7 of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts.)","specificitySources":[{"label":"Human Protein Atlas PRKDC tissue","url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000253729-PRKDC/tissue","note":"RNA tissue and blood lineage specificity, normal tissue antibody staining (version 25.1, CC BY-SA 3.0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000253729 associations","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000253729/associations","note":"cancer associations at or above 0.5 (CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:9413","ensembl":"ENSG00000253729","uniprot":"P78527","entrez":"5591","firstDescribed":1995,"firstDescribedBasis":"sequence","firstDescribedNote":"Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Hartley K.O. et al, Cell, 1995, \"DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit: a relative of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and the ataxia telangiectasia gene product\".","firstDescribedSource":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7671312/","biology":"Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a molecular sensor for DNA damage. Involved in DNA non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) required for double-strand break (DSB) repair and V(D)J recombination. Must be bound to DNA to express its catalytic properties. Promotes processing of hairpin DNA structures in V(D)J recombination by activation of the hairpin endonuclease artemis (DCLRE1C). Recruited by XRCC5 and XRCC6 to DNA ends and is required to (1) protect and align broken ends of DNA, thereby preventing their degradation, (2) and sequester the DSB for repair by NHEJ. Acts as a scaffold protein to aid the localisation of DNA repair proteins to the site of damage. Location: Nucleus; Nucleus, nucleolus; Cytoplasm, cytosol (UniProt). Locus 8q11.21 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Melanoma: CIViC evidence names this disease","Non-small-cell lung cancer: CIViC evidence names this disease","Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: CIViC evidence names this disease"],"targetClass":"kinase","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/prkdc/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"civic","kind":"collection","name":"CIViC","route":"/collections/civic/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"dlbcl","kind":"cancer","name":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma","route":"/cancers/dlbcl/"},{"id":"melanoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Melanoma","route":"/cancers/melanoma/"},{"id":"nsclc","kind":"cancer","name":"Non-small-cell lung cancer","route":"/cancers/nsclc/"}]}}