{"entity":{"id":"prkar1a","kind":"target","name":"PRKAR1A","aka":["protein kinase cAMP-dependent type I regulatory subunit alpha","cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-alpha regulatory subunit","CNC1","PRKAR1","TSE1","PKR1","Prkar1alpha"],"tldr":"PRKAR1A (cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-alpha regulatory subunit) is a gene whose normal job is to hold cell growth in check. The public catalogues list it as an oncogene driver, a tumour suppressor and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Adrenocortical carcinoma, Thyroid cancer, Renal cell carcinoma and 2 more.","summary":"Regulatory subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinases involved in cAMP signalling in cells.\n\nCIViC holds 1 clinical evidence item and 0 assertions across 1 variant. Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.81 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes genetic literature 0.85, affected pathway 0.83, literature 0.86, genetic association 0.01, somatic mutation 0.85, animal model 0.73). IntOGen calls it a driver in 4 cohorts (2 activating, 2 loss-of-function), covering Adrenocortical Carcinoma, Medulloblastoma, Pilocytic Astrocytoma.","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:9388","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:9388"},{"label":"UniProt P10644","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P10644/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 5573","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5573"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000108946","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000108946"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["civic","open-targets","intogen"],"cancers":["adrenocortical","thyroid","rcc","medulloblastoma","paediatric-low-grade-glioma"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: IntOGen calls it an activating (Act) driver in 2 cohorts; IntOGen calls it a loss-of-function (LoF) driver in 2 cohorts; CIViC holds 1 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier \"clinical-evidence\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.","Diseases the sources name that have no OnCo cancer page yet, so they are not linked: Melanotic Neurilemmoma."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"PRKAR1A","role":["oncogene-driver","tumour-suppressor","biomarker"],"evidenceTier":"clinical-evidence","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:9388","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:9388","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt P10644","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P10644/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"CIViC gene PRKAR1A","url":"https://civicdb.org/features/4511","note":"1 evidence items, 0 assertions, 1 variants; diseases: Melanotic Neurilemmoma (GraphQL API, CC0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000108946","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000108946/associations","note":"association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.81; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: renal cell carcinoma 0.52, thyroid cancer 0.54 (GraphQL API, CC0)"},{"label":"IntOGen PRKAR1A","url":"https://www.intogen.org/search?gene=PRKAR1A","note":"driver in 4 cohorts (Act 2, LoF 2); Compendium_Cancer_Genes.tsv release 20240920, CC0 1.0"}],"specificity":"tumour-specific","distribution":"few-types","specificityNote":"Tumour-specific alteration: the catalogues call it an oncogene driver (IntOGen cohort analysis finds it activated more often than chance) and a tumour suppressor (IntOGen finds it knocked out more often than chance), so the direction differs between cohorts but the alteration is somatic either way; what a medicine would aim at or exploit is the altered form or its loss, absent from normal cells; no corpus medicine is aimed at it yet. HPA PRKAR1A: RNA low tissue specificity; no normal tissue stained high; highest cancer staining melanoma (1 of 11 high). Distribution: 4 cancer families in the corpus carry a prevalence row, label threshold or catalogue link for it (Adrenocortical carcinoma, Thyroid cancer, Renal cell carcinoma, Brain and spinal cord tumours (all types)); Open Targets associates it with 2 specific cancer types at or above 0.5 (familial atrial myxoma, hereditary neoplastic syndrome). (Rule 6 of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts.)","specificitySources":[{"label":"UniProt P10644","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P10644/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"CIViC gene PRKAR1A","url":"https://civicdb.org/features/4511","note":"1 evidence items, 0 assertions, 1 variants; diseases: Melanotic Neurilemmoma (GraphQL API, CC0)"},{"label":"IntOGen PRKAR1A","url":"https://www.intogen.org/search?gene=PRKAR1A","note":"driver in 4 cohorts (Act 2, LoF 2); Compendium_Cancer_Genes.tsv release 20240920, CC0 1.0"},{"label":"Human Protein Atlas PRKAR1A tissue","url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000108946-PRKAR1A/tissue","note":"RNA tissue and blood lineage specificity, normal tissue antibody staining (version 25.1, CC BY-SA 3.0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000108946 associations","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000108946/associations","note":"cancer associations at or above 0.5 (CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:9388","ensembl":"ENSG00000108946","uniprot":"P10644","entrez":"5573","firstDescribed":1987,"firstDescribedBasis":"sequence","firstDescribedNote":"Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Sandberg et al, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun, 1987, \"Molecular cloning, cDNA structure and deduced amino acid sequence for a type I regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase from human testis\".","firstDescribedSource":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3426618/","biology":"Regulatory subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinases involved in cAMP signalling in cells. Location: Cell membrane (UniProt). Locus 17q24.2 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Adrenocortical carcinoma: IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (ACC)","Thyroid cancer: Open Targets association 0.54 with thyroid cancer (MONDO_0002108)","Renal cell carcinoma: Open Targets association 0.52 with renal cell carcinoma (MONDO_0005086)","Medulloblastoma: IntOGen driver in 2 cohorts (MBL)","Paediatric low-grade glioma: IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (PAST)"],"targetClass":"tumor-suppressor","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/prkar1a/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"civic","kind":"collection","name":"CIViC","route":"/collections/civic/"},{"id":"intogen","kind":"collection","name":"IntOGen","route":"/collections/intogen/"},{"id":"open-targets","kind":"collection","name":"Open Targets Platform","route":"/collections/open-targets/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"adrenocortical","kind":"cancer","name":"Adrenocortical carcinoma","route":"/cancers/adrenocortical/"},{"id":"medulloblastoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Medulloblastoma","route":"/cancers/medulloblastoma/"},{"id":"paediatric-low-grade-glioma","kind":"cancer","name":"Paediatric low-grade glioma","route":"/cancers/paediatric-low-grade-glioma/"},{"id":"rcc","kind":"cancer","name":"Renal cell carcinoma","route":"/cancers/rcc/"},{"id":"thyroid","kind":"cancer","name":"Thyroid cancer","route":"/cancers/thyroid/"}]}}