{"entity":{"id":"pkc","kind":"target","name":"Protein kinase C family (PKC)","aka":[],"tldr":"Protein kinase C is a family of signalling enzymes; the AML drug midostaurin started life as a PKC inhibitor and still hits the family alongside FLT3.","summary":"The protein kinase C family (PRKCA and its relatives) transmits signals from calcium and diacylglycerol to growth, survival and secretion pathways. Midostaurin (PKC412) was developed as a PKC inhibitor and gained approval in FLT3-mutant acute myeloid leukaemia and systemic mastocytosis through its FLT3 and KIT activity; PKC remains among its listed targets. PKC-beta inhibitors such as enzastaurin were tested in lymphoma without success.","asOf":"2026-09-04","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_kinase_C","links":[{"label":"UniProt P17252: PRKCA","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P17252/entry"},{"label":"HGNC:9393 PRKCA","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:9393"},{"label":"ChEMBL target CHEMBL2093867","url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/target/CHEMBL2093867"}],"tags":[],"related":["flt3"],"cancers":["aml"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":["midostaurin"],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"symbol":"PRKCA","role":[],"sources":[],"specificity":"tumour-associated","distribution":"one-type","specificityNote":"Tumour-associated overexpression: HPA finds the RNA tissue enhanced in normal brain, so the tumour and the normal tissue it comes from share the target and the medicine relies on the difference in level. HPA PRKCA: RNA tissue enhanced (brain 33 nTPM); high antibody staining in 3 normal tissues. Distribution: 1 cancer family in the corpus carries a prevalence row, label threshold or catalogue link for it (Leukaemia); Open Targets associates it with 1 specific cancer type at or above 0.5 (acute myeloid leukemia). (Rule 7 of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts.)","specificitySources":[{"label":"Human Protein Atlas PRKCA tissue","url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000154229-PRKCA/tissue","note":"RNA tissue and blood lineage specificity, normal tissue antibody staining (version 25.1, CC BY-SA 3.0)"},{"label":"Human Protein Atlas PRKCA pathology","url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000154229-PRKCA/pathology","note":"patients per staining level per cancer type (version 25.1, CC BY-SA 3.0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000154229 associations","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000154229/associations","note":"cancer associations at or above 0.5 (CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:9393","ensembl":"ENSG00000154229","uniprot":"P17252","entrez":"5578","firstDescribed":1990,"firstDescribedBasis":"sequence","firstDescribedNote":"Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Finkenzeller et al, Nucleic Acids Res, 1990, \"Sequence of human protein kinase C alpha\".","firstDescribedSource":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2336401/","biology":"Serine/threonine kinases in conventional, novel and atypical subfamilies; PKC-alpha also drives resistance and vascular permeability signalling.","whereFound":["Ubiquitous","Inhibited by midostaurin in AML and mastocytosis"],"targetClass":"kinase","prevalence":[{"cancerId":"metastatic-cancer","pct":"all","measure":"Signalling protein present in most cells (protein kinase C family); drugs act on the pathway rather than on a mutation that selects patients, so no prevalence applies."}]},"route":"/targets/pkc/","neighbours":{"target":[{"id":"flt3","kind":"target","name":"FLT3","route":"/targets/flt3/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"aml","kind":"cancer","name":"Acute myeloid leukaemia","route":"/cancers/aml/"}],"drug":[{"id":"midostaurin","kind":"drug","name":"Midostaurin","route":"/drugs/midostaurin/"}]}}