{"entity":{"id":"pik3r2","kind":"target","name":"PIK3R2","aka":["phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 2","Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta","P85B","p85","p85beta","p85-BETA"],"tldr":"PIK3R2 (Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta) is a gene. The public catalogues list it as a drug target and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Melanoma.","summary":"Regulatory subunit of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), a kinase that phosphorylates PtdIns(4,5)P2 (Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signalling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Binds to activated (phosphorylated) protein-tyrosine kinases, through its SH2 domain, and acts as an adapter, mediating the association of the p110 catalytic unit to the plasma membrane.\n\nCIViC holds 3 clinical evidence items and 0 assertions across 3 variants, naming Vemurafenib. Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.71 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes clinical 0.67, affected pathway 0.86, literature 0.91, genetic association 0.00, somatic mutation 0.50).","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:8980","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:8980"},{"label":"UniProt O00459","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/O00459/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 5296","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5296"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000105647","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000105647"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["civic","open-targets"],"cancers":["melanoma"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: Open Targets known-drug datatype score 0.67; CIViC holds 3 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier \"clinical-evidence\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"PIK3R2","role":["drug-target","biomarker"],"evidenceTier":"clinical-evidence","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:8980","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:8980","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt O00459","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/O00459/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"CIViC gene PIK3R2","url":"https://civicdb.org/features/4290","note":"3 evidence items, 0 assertions, 3 variants; diseases: Melanoma (GraphQL API, CC0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000105647","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000105647/associations","note":"association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.71;  (GraphQL API, CC0)"}],"specificity":"broadly-expressed","distribution":"one-type","specificityNote":"Broadly expressed or essential: HPA finds the RNA at low tissue specificity; a medicine acting on the wild-type protein would expose normal tissue too. HPA PIK3R2: RNA low tissue specificity; high antibody staining in 13 normal tissues; highest cancer staining breast cancer (8 of 12 high). Distribution: 1 cancer family in the corpus carries a prevalence row, label threshold or catalogue link for it (Skin cancer (all types)); Open Targets associates it with 0 specific cancer types at or above 0.5. (Rule 7 of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts.)","specificitySources":[{"label":"Human Protein Atlas PIK3R2 tissue","url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000105647-PIK3R2/tissue","note":"RNA tissue and blood lineage specificity, normal tissue antibody staining (version 25.1, CC BY-SA 3.0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000105647 associations","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000105647/associations","note":"cancer associations at or above 0.5 (CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:8980","ensembl":"ENSG00000105647","uniprot":"O00459","entrez":"5296","firstDescribed":1992,"firstDescribedBasis":"sequence","firstDescribedNote":"Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Volinia et al, Oncogene, 1992, \"Chromosomal localization of human p85 alpha, a subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and its homologue p85 beta\".","firstDescribedSource":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1314371/","biology":"Regulatory subunit of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), a kinase that phosphorylates PtdIns(4,5)P2 (Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signalling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Binds to activated (phosphorylated) protein-tyrosine kinases, through its SH2 domain, and acts as an adapter, mediating the association of the p110 catalytic unit to the plasma membrane. Indirectly regulates autophagy. Promotes nuclear translocation of XBP1 isoform 2 in a ER stress- and/or insulin-dependent manner during metabolic overloading in the liver and hence plays a role in glucose tolerance improvement. Locus 19p13.11 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Melanoma: CIViC evidence names this disease"],"targetClass":"other","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/pik3r2/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"civic","kind":"collection","name":"CIViC","route":"/collections/civic/"},{"id":"open-targets","kind":"collection","name":"Open Targets Platform","route":"/collections/open-targets/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"melanoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Melanoma","route":"/cancers/melanoma/"}]}}