{"entity":{"id":"phlpp2","kind":"target","name":"PHLPP2","aka":["PH domain and leucine rich repeat protein phosphatase 2","PHLPPL","PPM3B"],"tldr":"PHLPP2 is a phosphatase that switches AKT off; it is lost in most colorectal cancers, which leaves the survival pathway on.","summary":"UniProt describes PHLPP2 as the phosphatase that removes the activating Ser-473 phosphate from AKT1 and equivalent sites on PKC, and records that its protein is lost in about four in five colorectal cancers. It is a case where the protein, not the transcript, tells the story: a PI3K/AKT activation state that RNA alone cannot see.","asOf":"2026-09-24","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:29149","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:29149"},{"label":"UniProt Q6ZVD8","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q6ZVD8/entry"}],"tags":["cansim-terms"],"related":[],"cancers":["colorectal"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":["pi3k-akt-mtor"],"terms":["co-amplification","cancer-ai-vocabulary","pathway-activation-state","mrna-protein-concordance"],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Named in the CanSim terms map 1.0.0 (docs/onco/terms.json, generated 2026-09-24), CC BY 4.0, attribution: CanSim project, an open, public-data-first cancer foundation-model programme."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"OnCo CanSim terms wave (HGNC REST, UniProt REST)","editedOn":"2026-09-24","note":"CanSim terms map 1.0.0 (docs/onco/terms.json, generated 2026-09-24), CC BY 4.0, attribution: CanSim project, an open, public-data-first cancer foundation-model programme"},"symbol":"PHLPP2","role":["tumour-suppressor","biomarker"],"evidenceTier":"association-only","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:29149","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:29149","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (REST API, 2026-09-24)"},{"label":"UniProt Q6ZVD8","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q6ZVD8/entry","note":"protein name, function and tissue specificity text (REST API, 2026-09-24)"}],"specificitySources":[],"hgnc":"HGNC:29149","ensembl":"ENSG00000040199","uniprot":"Q6ZVD8","entrez":"23035","firstDescribed":1999,"firstDescribedBasis":"sequence","firstDescribedNote":"Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Nagase et al, DNA Res, 1999, \"Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XIII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro\".","firstDescribedSource":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10231032/","biology":"Protein phosphatase that dephosphorylates Ser-473 of AKT1 and hydrophobic-motif sites of PKC isoforms; expression lost or significantly decreased in about 80 percent of tested colorectal tumours at the protein level (UniProt Q6ZVD8).","whereFound":["Locus 16q22.2 (HGNC)."],"targetClass":"enzyme","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/phlpp2/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"colorectal","kind":"cancer","name":"Colorectal cancer","route":"/cancers/colorectal/"}],"pathway":[{"id":"pi3k-akt-mtor","kind":"pathway","name":"PI3K / AKT / mTOR","route":"/pathways/pi3k-akt-mtor/"}],"term":[{"id":"cancer-ai-vocabulary","kind":"term","name":"Cancer AI vocabulary (CanSim terms map)","route":"/terms/cancer-ai-vocabulary/"},{"id":"co-amplification","kind":"term","name":"Co-amplification and the 17q12 HER2 amplicon","route":"/terms/co-amplification/"},{"id":"mrna-protein-concordance","kind":"term","name":"mRNA to protein concordance","route":"/terms/mrna-protein-concordance/"},{"id":"pathway-activation-state","kind":"term","name":"Pathway activation state (phosphosignalling)","route":"/terms/pathway-activation-state/"}]}}