{"entity":{"id":"payload","kind":"term","name":"Payload (ADC)","aka":[],"tldr":"The payload is the poison an ADC carries, usually a chemotherapy far too toxic to give on its own.","summary":"The payload is the cytotoxic warhead conjugated to the antibody. Classes: tubulin inhibitors (MMAE, MMAF, DM1, DM4), topoisomerase-I inhibitors (DXd, SN-38, exatecan, belotecan derivatives), DNA-damaging agents (PBD dimers, calicheamicin, duocarmycin). Newer payloads: degraders, immune agonists, radionuclides. Membrane permeability determines bystander killing.","asOf":"2026-09-04","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody-drug_conjugate","links":[{"label":"Wikipedia","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody-drug_conjugate"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":["adc","topoisomerase-inhibitors"],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"category":"ADC chemistry"},"route":"/terms/payload/","neighbours":{"technology":[{"id":"adc","kind":"technology","name":"Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC)","route":"/technologies/adc/"},{"id":"topoisomerase-inhibitors","kind":"technology","name":"Topoisomerase-I inhibitors (and ADC payloads)","route":"/technologies/topoisomerase-inhibitors/"}],"drug":[{"id":"eribulin","kind":"drug","name":"Eribulin","route":"/drugs/eribulin/"},{"id":"inotuzumab-ozogamicin","kind":"drug","name":"Inotuzumab ozogamicin","route":"/drugs/inotuzumab-ozogamicin/"},{"id":"irinotecan","kind":"drug","name":"Irinotecan (and liposomal irinotecan)","route":"/drugs/irinotecan/"},{"id":"polatuzumab-vedotin","kind":"drug","name":"Polatuzumab vedotin","route":"/drugs/polatuzumab-vedotin/"},{"id":"sacituzumab-govitecan","kind":"drug","name":"Sacituzumab govitecan","route":"/drugs/sacituzumab-govitecan/"}],"idea":[{"id":"idea-reg-hpapi-continuous-flow","kind":"idea","name":"Continuous-flow synthesis of ultra-potent ADC payloads to ease the capacity squeeze","route":"/ideas/idea-reg-hpapi-continuous-flow/"},{"id":"idea-tr1-adc-dose-and-schedule-optimisation","kind":"idea","name":"Dose and schedule optimisation trials specific to antibody-drug conjugates","route":"/ideas/idea-tr1-adc-dose-and-schedule-optimisation/"},{"id":"idea-bio1-multi-organ-chip-tox","kind":"idea","name":"Linked human organ chips to predict side effects before people are dosed","route":"/ideas/idea-bio1-multi-organ-chip-tox/"},{"id":"idea-reg-adc-platform-designation","kind":"idea","name":"Platform designation for ADC linker-payloads so manufacturing data carry across","route":"/ideas/idea-reg-adc-platform-designation/"},{"id":"idea-bio1-tumour-on-chip-penetration","kind":"idea","name":"Tumour-on-a-chip with blood flow to test whether big drugs actually get in","route":"/ideas/idea-bio1-tumour-on-chip-penetration/"},{"id":"idea-bio1-antibody-degrader-conjugates","kind":"idea","name":"Use antibodies to deliver protein-destroying drugs into the right cells","route":"/ideas/idea-bio1-antibody-degrader-conjugates/"},{"id":"idea-bio1-slfn11-payload-guidance","kind":"idea","name":"Use SLFN11 status to decide which antibody-drug payload to give next","route":"/ideas/idea-bio1-slfn11-payload-guidance/"}],"paper":[{"id":"paper-ascent-nejm-2021","kind":"paper","name":"ASCENT: sacituzumab govitecan doubles survival in heavily pretreated metastatic triple-negative breast cancer","route":"/key-papers/paper-ascent-nejm-2021/"},{"id":"paper-destiny-breast03-nejm-2022","kind":"paper","name":"DESTINY-Breast03: trastuzumab deruxtecan beats T-DM1 as second-line treatment of HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer","route":"/key-papers/paper-destiny-breast03-nejm-2022/"},{"id":"paper-ev-302-nejm-2024","kind":"paper","name":"EV-302: enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab replaces chemotherapy as first treatment for advanced bladder cancer","route":"/key-papers/paper-ev-302-nejm-2024/"}],"term":[{"id":"calicheamicin","kind":"term","name":"Calicheamicin","route":"/terms/calicheamicin/"},{"id":"chemotherapy-term","kind":"term","name":"Chemotherapy","route":"/terms/chemotherapy-term/"},{"id":"dm1","kind":"term","name":"DM1","route":"/terms/dm1/"},{"id":"dm4","kind":"term","name":"DM4","route":"/terms/dm4/"},{"id":"dna-alkylator-payloads","kind":"term","name":"DNA alkylator payloads","route":"/terms/dna-alkylator-payloads/"},{"id":"dna-cleaver-payloads","kind":"term","name":"DNA cleaver payloads (enediynes)","route":"/terms/dna-cleaver-payloads/"},{"id":"pbd-dimer-payloads","kind":"term","name":"DNA crosslinker payloads (PBD dimers)","route":"/terms/pbd-dimer-payloads/"},{"id":"duocarmycin","kind":"term","name":"Duocarmycin (seco-DUBA)","route":"/terms/duocarmycin/"},{"id":"dxd","kind":"term","name":"DXd","route":"/terms/dxd/"},{"id":"exatecan","kind":"term","name":"Exatecan (and derivatives)","route":"/terms/exatecan/"},{"id":"mmae","kind":"term","name":"MMAE","route":"/terms/mmae/"},{"id":"mmaf","kind":"term","name":"MMAF","route":"/terms/mmaf/"},{"id":"pbd-sg3199","kind":"term","name":"PBD dimer (SG3199 / tesirine)","route":"/terms/pbd-sg3199/"},{"id":"prodrug","kind":"term","name":"Prodrug","route":"/terms/prodrug/"},{"id":"sn-38","kind":"term","name":"SN-38","route":"/terms/sn-38/"},{"id":"t030","kind":"term","name":"T030 (belotecan derivative)","route":"/terms/t030/"},{"id":"topoisomerase-i-payloads","kind":"term","name":"Topoisomerase-I inhibitor payloads","route":"/terms/topoisomerase-i-payloads/"},{"id":"tubulin-inhibitor-payloads","kind":"term","name":"Tubulin inhibitor payloads","route":"/terms/tubulin-inhibitor-payloads/"}],"pathway":[{"id":"dna-replication-licensing","kind":"pathway","name":"DNA replication & origin licensing","route":"/pathways/dna-replication-licensing/"},{"id":"drug-efflux-pumps","kind":"pathway","name":"Drug efflux pumps (ABC transporters)","route":"/pathways/drug-efflux-pumps/"}]}}