{"entity":{"id":"pam50","kind":"term","name":"PAM50 / intrinsic subtypes","aka":["PAM50 molecular subtypes","PAM50 gene set","PAM50 subtypes","intrinsic subtype","Basal-like","PAM50 Basal","basal-like subtype","HER2-enriched","PAM50 Her2","HER2-enriched subtype","Normal-like","PAM50 Normal","normal-like subtype"],"tldr":"A 50-gene test that sorts breast cancers into luminal A, luminal B, HER2-enriched, and basal-like.","summary":"PAM50 is a 50-gene expression test that sorts breast cancers into the intrinsic subtypes luminal A, luminal B, HER2-enriched and basal-like. It derives from the molecular portraits of Perou and Sørlie and is commercialised as Prosigna. Basal-like largely overlaps with Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), HER2-enriched predicts response to HER2 blockade regardless of IHC, and the luminal subtypes matter for HR-positive / HER2-negative breast cancer. The test depends on RNA sequencing & expression profiling and is referenced by the TCGA Pan-Cancer Atlas paper, the organ tropism pathway on seed and soil, and an idea on omitting radiotherapy for very low-risk breast cancer. Institutions associated with it include UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and SOLTI Cancer Research Group.","asOf":"2026-09-04","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breast_cancer_classification","links":[{"label":"PAM50 intrinsic-subtype predictor (Parker et al., J Clin Oncol 2009)","url":"https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2008.18.1370"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":["tnbc","breast-hr-positive"],"sections":[],"technologies":["rna-seq"],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":["paper-parker-j-clin-oncol"],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"category":"Genomics & genetics"},"route":"/terms/pam50/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"breast-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Breast cancer (all types)","route":"/cancers/breast-cancer/"},{"id":"breast-hr-positive","kind":"cancer","name":"HR-positive / HER2-negative breast cancer","route":"/cancers/breast-hr-positive/"},{"id":"tnbc","kind":"cancer","name":"Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)","route":"/cancers/tnbc/"}],"technology":[{"id":"rna-seq","kind":"technology","name":"RNA sequencing & expression profiling","route":"/technologies/rna-seq/"}],"paper":[{"id":"paper-schettini-her2-low-features-npj-breast-cancer-2021","kind":"paper","name":"Clinical, pathological, and PAM50 gene expression features of HER2-low breast cancer","route":"/key-papers/paper-schettini-her2-low-features-npj-breast-cancer-2021/"},{"id":"paper-huo-tcga-ancestry-breast-jama-oncol-2017","kind":"paper","name":"Comparison of breast cancer molecular features and survival by African and European ancestry in The Cancer Genome Atlas","route":"/key-papers/paper-huo-tcga-ancestry-breast-jama-oncol-2017/"},{"id":"paper-tcga-breast-molecular-portraits-nature-2012","kind":"paper","name":"Comprehensive molecular portraits of human breast tumours","route":"/key-papers/paper-tcga-breast-molecular-portraits-nature-2012/"},{"id":"paper-sorlie-breast-carcinoma-subclasses-pnas-2001","kind":"paper","name":"Gene expression patterns of breast carcinomas distinguish tumor subclasses with clinical implications","route":"/key-papers/paper-sorlie-breast-carcinoma-subclasses-pnas-2001/"},{"id":"paper-perou-molecular-portraits-breast-tumours-nature-2000","kind":"paper","name":"Molecular portraits of human breast tumours","route":"/key-papers/paper-perou-molecular-portraits-breast-tumours-nature-2000/"},{"id":"paper-sorlie-repeated-observation-subtypes-brca1-basal-pnas-2003","kind":"paper","name":"Repeated observation of breast tumor subtypes in independent gene expression data sets","route":"/key-papers/paper-sorlie-repeated-observation-subtypes-brca1-basal-pnas-2003/"},{"id":"paper-parker-j-clin-oncol","kind":"paper","name":"Supervised risk predictor of breast cancer based on intrinsic subtypes","route":"/key-papers/paper-parker-j-clin-oncol/"},{"id":"paper-tcga-pancancer-atlas-cell-2018","kind":"paper","name":"TCGA Pan-Cancer Atlas: 10,000 tumours across 33 cancer types, classified by molecular features","route":"/key-papers/paper-tcga-pancancer-atlas-cell-2018/"},{"id":"paper-bareche-tnbc-multiomic-heterogeneity-ann-oncol-2018","kind":"paper","name":"Unravelling triple-negative breast cancer molecular heterogeneity using an integrative multiomic analysis","route":"/key-papers/paper-bareche-tnbc-multiomic-heterogeneity-ann-oncol-2018/"}],"roadmap":[{"id":"tnbc-roadmap","kind":"roadmap","name":"Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem","route":"/roadmaps/tnbc-roadmap/"}],"target":[{"id":"androgen-receptor","kind":"target","name":"Androgen receptor","route":"/targets/androgen-receptor/"},{"id":"dnajc12","kind":"target","name":"DNAJC12","route":"/targets/dnajc12/"}],"idea":[{"id":"idea-prev-omit-radiotherapy-low-risk-breast-default","kind":"idea","name":"Make skipping radiotherapy the default for very low-risk breast cancer","route":"/ideas/idea-prev-omit-radiotherapy-low-risk-breast-default/"}],"institution":[{"id":"cruk-cambridge-centre","kind":"institution","name":"Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre / CRUK Cambridge Institute","route":"/institutions/cruk-cambridge-centre/"},{"id":"hospital-clinic-barcelona","kind":"institution","name":"Hospital Clínic de Barcelona / IDIBAPS","route":"/institutions/hospital-clinic-barcelona/"},{"id":"lund-skane","kind":"institution","name":"Skåne University Hospital / Lund University Cancer Centre","route":"/institutions/lund-skane/"},{"id":"unc-lineberger","kind":"institution","name":"UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center","route":"/institutions/unc-lineberger/"}],"pathway":[{"id":"organ-tropism-seed-soil","kind":"pathway","name":"Organ tropism: seed and soil","route":"/pathways/organ-tropism-seed-soil/"}],"company":[{"id":"solti","kind":"company","name":"SOLTI Cancer Research Group","route":"/companies/solti/"}],"term":[{"id":"logistic-regression-term","kind":"term","name":"Logistic regression and nearest-centroid classifiers","route":"/terms/logistic-regression-term/"}]}}