{"entity":{"id":"nqo1","kind":"target","name":"NQO1","aka":["NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1","NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1","QR1","NMOR1","DIA4"],"tldr":"NQO1 (NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1) is an enzyme. The public catalogues list it as a drug target and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Lung cancer and Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.","summary":"Flavin-containing quinone reductase that catalyses two-electron reduction of quinones to hydroquinones using either NADH or NADPH as electron donors. In a ping-pong kinetic mechanism, the electrons are sequentially transferred from NAD(P)H to flavin cofactor and then from reduced flavin to the quinone, bypassing the formation of semiquinone and reactive oxygen species. Regulates cellular redox state primarily through quinone detoxification.\n\nCIViC holds 3 clinical evidence items and 0 assertions across 3 variants, naming Amrubicin and NSC84167.","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:2874","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:2874"},{"label":"UniProt P15559","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P15559/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 1728","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/1728"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000181019","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000181019"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["civic"],"cancers":["lung-cancer","pancreatic"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":["keap1-nrf2"],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: CIViC lists 2 therapies; CIViC holds 3 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier \"clinical-evidence\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"NQO1","role":["drug-target","biomarker"],"evidenceTier":"clinical-evidence","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:2874","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:2874","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt P15559","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P15559/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"CIViC gene NQO1","url":"https://civicdb.org/features/1463","note":"3 evidence items, 0 assertions, 3 variants; diseases: Lung Cancer, Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (GraphQL API, CC0)"}],"distribution":"few-types","specificityNote":"Specificity not established: no corpus medicine is aimed at it and the catalogues give it only the roles drug-target, biomarker; HPA finds the RNA tissue enhanced, which says where the protein sits but not whether the tumour differs from normal tissue. HPA NQO1: RNA tissue enhanced (stomach 1 493 nTPM); high antibody staining in 4 normal tissues; highest cancer staining pancreatic cancer (6 of 11 high). Distribution: 2 cancer families in the corpus carry a prevalence row, label threshold or catalogue link for it (Lung cancer (all types), Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma); Open Targets associates it with 0 specific cancer types at or above 0.5. (No rule of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts fired.)","specificitySources":[{"label":"Human Protein Atlas NQO1 tissue","url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000181019-NQO1/tissue","note":"RNA tissue and blood lineage specificity, normal tissue antibody staining (version 25.1, CC BY-SA 3.0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000181019 associations","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000181019/associations","note":"cancer associations at or above 0.5 (CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:2874","ensembl":"ENSG00000181019","uniprot":"P15559","entrez":"1728","firstDescribed":1988,"firstDescribedBasis":"sequence","firstDescribedNote":"Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Jaiswal A.K. et al, J. Biol. Chem, 1988, \"Human dioxin-inducible cytosolic NAD(P)H:menadione oxidoreductase. cDNA sequence and localization of gene to chromosome 16\".","firstDescribedSource":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2843525/","biology":"Flavin-containing quinone reductase that catalyses two-electron reduction of quinones to hydroquinones using either NADH or NADPH as electron donors. In a ping-pong kinetic mechanism, the electrons are sequentially transferred from NAD(P)H to flavin cofactor and then from reduced flavin to the quinone, bypassing the formation of semiquinone and reactive oxygen species. Regulates cellular redox state primarily through quinone detoxification. Reduces components of plasma membrane redox system such as coenzyme Q and vitamin quinones, producing antioxidant hydroquinone forms. In the process may function as superoxide scavenger to prevent hydroquinone oxidation and facilitate excretion. Alternatively, can activate quinones and their derivatives by generating redox reactive hydroquinones with DNA cross-linking antitumor potential. Location: Cytoplasm, cytosol (UniProt). Locus 16q22.1 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Lung cancer: CIViC evidence names this disease","Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: CIViC evidence names this disease"],"targetClass":"enzyme","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/nqo1/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"civic","kind":"collection","name":"CIViC","route":"/collections/civic/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"lung-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Lung cancer (all types)","route":"/cancers/lung-cancer/"},{"id":"pancreatic","kind":"cancer","name":"Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","route":"/cancers/pancreatic/"}],"pathway":[{"id":"keap1-nrf2","kind":"pathway","name":"KEAP1-NRF2 antioxidant pathway","route":"/pathways/keap1-nrf2/"}]}}