{"entity":{"id":"neoantigen","kind":"term","name":"Neoantigen","aka":["neoantigens"],"tldr":"A protein fragment created by a tumour mutation that the immune system has never seen before, so it can attack it without harming normal cells.","summary":"Arise from missense mutations, frameshifts, fusions, and splice variants; must be processed and presented on the patient's HLA. Predicted computationally (binding affinity, expression, clonality). The targets of personalised mRNA vaccines and neoantigen-specific TCR-T; higher TMB means more candidates.","asOf":"2026-09-04","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoantigen","links":[{"label":"Wikipedia","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoantigen"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":["neoantigen-mrna-vaccine","tcr-t"],"targets":[],"drugs":["intismeran-autogene"],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"category":"Immunology"},"route":"/terms/neoantigen/","neighbours":{"technology":[{"id":"neoantigen-mrna-vaccine","kind":"technology","name":"Personalised neoantigen (mRNA) vaccines","route":"/technologies/neoantigen-mrna-vaccine/"},{"id":"tcr-t","kind":"technology","name":"TCR-T cell therapy","route":"/technologies/tcr-t/"}],"drug":[{"id":"intismeran-autogene","kind":"drug","name":"Intismeran 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longer","route":"/key-papers/paper-rojas-mrna-neoantigen-vaccine-pancreatic-nature-2023/"},{"id":"paper-domingo-somatic-pole-proofreading-colorectal-lancet-gastro-2016","kind":"paper","name":"Somatic POLE proofreading domain mutation, immune response, and prognosis in colorectal cancer","route":"/key-papers/paper-domingo-somatic-pole-proofreading-colorectal-lancet-gastro-2016/"},{"id":"paper-thorsson-immune-landscape-of-cancer-immunity-2018","kind":"paper","name":"Thorsson 2018: the immune landscape of cancer across 10,000 tumours","route":"/key-papers/paper-thorsson-immune-landscape-of-cancer-immunity-2018/"},{"id":"paper-tracerx-100-nejm-2017","kind":"paper","name":"TRACERx first 100: tracking how lung cancers evolve, and how chromosomal chaos predicts relapse","route":"/key-papers/paper-tracerx-100-nejm-2017/"}],"roadmap":[{"id":"pancreatic-roadmap","kind":"roadmap","name":"Pancreatic cancer roadmap: from Whipple's operation to gemcitabine, FOLFIRINOX, adjuvant chemotherapy, PARP inhibition, KRAS inhibition, vaccines and the surveillance question","route":"/roadmaps/pancreatic-roadmap/"}],"idea":[{"id":"idea-moon-lynch-vaccine-phase3","kind":"idea","name":"A frameshift neoantigen vaccine for Lynch syndrome carriers as the first preventive cancer vaccine approval","route":"/ideas/idea-moon-lynch-vaccine-phase3/"},{"id":"idea-prev-lynch-frameshift-vaccine-rct","kind":"idea","name":"A randomised trial of a shared-antigen vaccine to prevent Lynch syndrome cancers","route":"/ideas/idea-prev-lynch-frameshift-vaccine-rct/"},{"id":"idea-bio1-pmhc-bispecifics-public-drivers","kind":"idea","name":"Antibodies that see mutant KRAS and p53 fragments displayed on the cell surface","route":"/ideas/idea-bio1-pmhc-bispecifics-public-drivers/"},{"id":"idea-bio2-antigen-presentation-triage","kind":"idea","name":"Check whether a tumour can still show itself to the immune 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