{"entity":{"id":"mrd","kind":"term","name":"Minimal / molecular residual disease (MRD)","aka":["MRD-directed","MRD-negativity","measurable residual disease","minimal residual disease","molecular remission"],"tldr":"Cancer still present after treatment but too small to see on scans, detected by blood or marrow tests.","summary":"Minimal or molecular residual disease (MRD), also called measurable residual disease, is cancer that persists after treatment at a level too small to see on scans but detectable in blood or marrow; a negative result is called molecular remission. In leukaemia and myeloma it is measured by flow cytometry or NGS of marrow (clonoSEQ); in solid tumours it means ctDNA after surgery, covered under MRD / molecular residual disease testing. MRD positivity predicts relapse, MRD-guided escalation (IMvigor011) and de-escalation (DYNAMIC) are proven concepts, and MRD is an accepted endpoint in myeloma trials (FDA ODAC 2024). Readers meet it in the Colorectal, Pancreatic, Bladder & urothelial, DLBCL and Multiple myeloma entries and in CIRCULATE-Japan.","asOf":"2026-09-04","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_residual_disease","links":[{"label":"Wikipedia","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_residual_disease"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":["mrd-testing"],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":["imvigor011","dynamic"],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"category":"Biomarkers"},"route":"/terms/mrd/","neighbours":{"technology":[{"id":"autologous-stem-cell-transplant","kind":"technology","name":"Autologous stem cell transplant (high-dose therapy)","route":"/technologies/autologous-stem-cell-transplant/"},{"id":"continuous-ctdna-monitoring","kind":"technology","name":"Continuous and near-continuous ctDNA monitoring","route":"/technologies/continuous-ctdna-monitoring/"},{"id":"ctdna-lymphoma-monitoring","kind":"technology","name":"ctDNA monitoring in lymphoma (PhasED-seq, clonoSEQ)","route":"/technologies/ctdna-lymphoma-monitoring/"},{"id":"clonality-testing","kind":"technology","name":"Immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor clonality testing","route":"/technologies/clonality-testing/"},{"id":"mrd-testing","kind":"technology","name":"MRD / molecular residual disease testing","route":"/technologies/mrd-testing/"},{"id":"flow-cytometry-mrd","kind":"technology","name":"Multiparameter flow cytometry MRD","route":"/technologies/flow-cytometry-mrd/"},{"id":"ngs-mrd-clonoseq","kind":"technology","name":"NGS-based MRD (clonoSEQ and molecular MRD)","route":"/technologies/ngs-mrd-clonoseq/"}],"trial":[{"id":"altair","kind":"trial","name":"ALTAIR","route":"/trials/altair/"},{"id":"autogene-cevumeran-phase-1","kind":"trial","name":"Autogene cevumeran phase 1 in resected pancreatic cancer (Memorial 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