{"entity":{"id":"metabolic-syndrome","kind":"term","name":"Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance","aka":["Insulin resistance","Hyperinsulinaemia"],"tldr":"Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of central obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar and abnormal blood fats. It raises the risk of several cancers and worsens outcomes after diagnosis, largely through high insulin levels.","summary":"Insulin and IGF-1 are mitogenic and anti-apoptotic through the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway; hyperinsulinaemia also lowers sex-hormone-binding globulin, raising free oestrogen and androgen. Metabolic syndrome is associated with higher incidence of colorectal, liver, pancreatic, endometrial and postmenopausal breast cancer, and with recurrence in colon and breast cancer survivors. Metformin, despite strong epidemiology, failed to improve breast cancer outcomes in the MA.32 randomised trial, a caution about observational metabolic signals.","asOf":"2026-09-08","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_syndrome","links":[{"label":"Wikipedia","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_syndrome"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":["colorectal","hcc","endometrial","pancreatic"],"sections":[],"technologies":["glp1-agonists-cancer-risk","bariatric-surgery-cancer-incidence","structured-exercise-survivorship","time-restricted-eating"],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":["pi3k-akt-mtor"],"terms":["obesity-related-cancers","glycaemic-index","energy-balance"],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"category":"Nutrition & lifestyle"},"route":"/terms/metabolic-syndrome/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"colorectal","kind":"cancer","name":"Colorectal cancer","route":"/cancers/colorectal/"},{"id":"endometrial","kind":"cancer","name":"Endometrial cancer","route":"/cancers/endometrial/"},{"id":"hcc","kind":"cancer","name":"Hepatocellular carcinoma","route":"/cancers/hcc/"},{"id":"pancreatic","kind":"cancer","name":"Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","route":"/cancers/pancreatic/"}],"technology":[{"id":"bariatric-surgery-cancer-incidence","kind":"technology","name":"Bariatric surgery and cancer incidence","route":"/technologies/bariatric-surgery-cancer-incidence/"},{"id":"glp1-agonists-cancer-risk","kind":"technology","name":"GLP-1 receptor agonists and obesity-related cancer risk","route":"/technologies/glp1-agonists-cancer-risk/"},{"id":"structured-exercise-survivorship","kind":"technology","name":"Structured exercise programmes after curative treatment","route":"/technologies/structured-exercise-survivorship/"},{"id":"time-restricted-eating","kind":"technology","name":"Time-restricted eating in cancer prevention and survivorship","route":"/technologies/time-restricted-eating/"}],"pathway":[{"id":"lipid-metabolism-cancer","kind":"pathway","name":"Lipid synthesis, uptake & cholesterol","route":"/pathways/lipid-metabolism-cancer/"},{"id":"pi3k-akt-mtor","kind":"pathway","name":"PI3K / AKT / mTOR","route":"/pathways/pi3k-akt-mtor/"}],"term":[{"id":"energy-balance","kind":"term","name":"Energy balance","route":"/terms/energy-balance/"},{"id":"glycaemic-index","kind":"term","name":"Glycaemic index and glycaemic load","route":"/terms/glycaemic-index/"},{"id":"obesity-related-cancers","kind":"term","name":"Obesity-related cancers (IARC list of 13)","route":"/terms/obesity-related-cancers/"}],"roadmap":[{"id":"nutrition-lifestyle-roadmap","kind":"roadmap","name":"Diet, exercise and lifestyle roadmap: causes established → interventions that disappointed → exercise proven as treatment","route":"/roadmaps/nutrition-lifestyle-roadmap/"}]}}