{"entity":{"id":"hpv-testing","kind":"technology","name":"HPV DNA testing and self-sampling","aka":[],"tldr":"A swab tested for the virus that causes cervical cancer, more accurate than the Pap smear and doable at home.","summary":"HPV primary screening detects CIN3+ more sensitively than cytology and allows 5-year intervals; it is the WHO-recommended screening test and is standard in the Netherlands, Australia, England, and increasingly the US. Self-collected vaginal samples perform as well as clinician samples for PCR-based tests; the FDA approved self-collection in health-care settings in May 2024 and the first at-home kit in 2025. Extended genotyping and methylation triage (FAM19A4/miR124-2) reduce colposcopy referrals. Point-of-care and AI-read tests target low-resource settings.","status":"standard-of-care","asOf":"2026-09-07","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HPV_DNA_test","links":[{"label":"Wikipedia","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HPV_DNA_test"}],"tags":[],"related":["via-cervical-screening","hand-held-ultrasound"],"cancers":["cervical"],"sections":["early-detection","diagnostics"],"technologies":["colposcopy-excision","hpv-vaccine"],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":["cin-hsil"],"trials":["mumbai-via-screening"],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["tumour-virus-research"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"principle":"Nucleic acid amplification or hybrid capture of high-risk HPV types (16, 18 and 12 others) from cervical or vaginal cells.","strengths":["Higher sensitivity for precancer than cytology","Self-sampling reaches never-screened women","Long safe intervals cut cost"],"limitations":["Lower specificity in young women (transient infection)","Needs triage (cytology, genotyping, methylation) before colposcopy"],"since":2003},"route":"/technologies/hpv-testing/","neighbours":{"technology":[{"id":"colposcopes-digital-cervical-screening","kind":"technology","name":"Colposcopes and digital cervical screening devices (DYSIS, EVA System, AVE)","route":"/technologies/colposcopes-digital-cervical-screening/"},{"id":"colposcopy-excision","kind":"technology","name":"Colposcopy and excisional treatment (LEEP/LLETZ, cone)","route":"/technologies/colposcopy-excision/"},{"id":"hand-held-ultrasound","kind":"technology","name":"Hand-held and point-of-care ultrasound","route":"/technologies/hand-held-ultrasound/"},{"id":"hpv-vaccine","kind":"technology","name":"HPV & HBV vaccination","route":"/technologies/hpv-vaccine/"},{"id":"precancer-ablation","kind":"technology","name":"Thermal ablation and cryotherapy for cervical precancer","route":"/technologies/precancer-ablation/"},{"id":"via-cervical-screening","kind":"technology","name":"Visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) for cervical screening","route":"/technologies/via-cervical-screening/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"anal","kind":"cancer","name":"Anal cancer (squamous cell carcinoma)","route":"/cancers/anal/"},{"id":"anal-hsil-precursor","kind":"cancer","name":"Anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (precursor)","route":"/cancers/anal-hsil-precursor/"},{"id":"cervical","kind":"cancer","name":"Cervical cancer","route":"/cancers/cervical/"},{"id":"early-cervical-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Early cervical cancer and fertility-sparing surgery","route":"/cancers/early-cervical-cancer/"},{"id":"oropharyngeal-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Oropharyngeal cancer (tonsil and base of tongue)","route":"/cancers/oropharyngeal-cancer/"},{"id":"vaginal","kind":"cancer","name":"Vaginal cancer","route":"/cancers/vaginal/"},{"id":"vaginal-squamous-cell-carcinoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Vaginal squamous cell carcinoma (HPV-associated)","route":"/cancers/vaginal-squamous-cell-carcinoma/"}],"section":[{"id":"diagnostics","kind":"section","name":"Diagnostics & Biomarkers","route":"/fronts/diagnostics/"},{"id":"early-detection","kind":"section","name":"Early Detection & Screening","route":"/fronts/early-detection/"}],"term":[{"id":"cin-hsil","kind":"term","name":"Cervical precancer (CIN, HSIL/LSIL)","route":"/terms/cin-hsil/"}],"trial":[{"id":"de-escalate","kind":"trial","name":"De-ESCALaTE HPV","route":"/trials/de-escalate/"},{"id":"mumbai-via-screening","kind":"trial","name":"Mumbai VIA cervical screening trial (Tata Memorial)","route":"/trials/mumbai-via-screening/"},{"id":"osmanabad-hpv-screening","kind":"trial","name":"Osmanabad cervical screening trial (HPV testing vs cytology vs VIA)","route":"/trials/osmanabad-hpv-screening/"},{"id":"rtog-1016","kind":"trial","name":"RTOG 1016","route":"/trials/rtog-1016/"}],"journal":[{"id":"tumour-virus-research","kind":"journal","name":"Tumour virus research","route":"/journals/tumour-virus-research/"}],"idea":[{"id":"idea-single-dose-hpv-self-sampling-elimination","kind":"idea","name":"Single-dose HPV vaccination plus HPV self-sampling to reach WHO elimination in low-income countries","route":"/ideas/idea-single-dose-hpv-self-sampling-elimination/"}],"person":[{"id":"harald-zur-hausen","kind":"person","name":"Harald zur Hausen","route":"/people/harald-zur-hausen/"},{"id":"henrietta-lacks","kind":"person","name":"Henrietta Lacks","route":"/people/henrietta-lacks/"},{"id":"jade-goody","kind":"person","name":"Jade Goody","route":"/people/jade-goody/"},{"id":"basu-partha","kind":"person","name":"Partha Basu","route":"/people/basu-partha/"},{"id":"sankaranarayanan-rengaswamy","kind":"person","name":"Rengaswamy Sankaranarayanan","route":"/people/sankaranarayanan-rengaswamy/"},{"id":"shastri-surendra","kind":"person","name":"Surendra Shastri","route":"/people/shastri-surendra/"}],"bottleneck":[{"id":"b-global-access","kind":"bottleneck","name":"Most of the world has almost no cancer care","route":"/bottlenecks/b-global-access/"},{"id":"b-prevention-adoption","kind":"bottleneck","name":"Prevention we already have is not deployed","route":"/bottlenecks/b-prevention-adoption/"}],"paper":[{"id":"paper-hpv-vaccine-england-lancet-2021","kind":"paper","name":"England's HPV programme: cervical cancer down 87% in the first cohort vaccinated at 12-13","route":"/key-papers/paper-hpv-vaccine-england-lancet-2021/"},{"id":"paper-sankaranarayanan-hpv-screening-nejm-2009","kind":"paper","name":"HPV screening for cervical cancer in rural India (Osmanabad)","route":"/key-papers/paper-sankaranarayanan-hpv-screening-nejm-2009/"},{"id":"paper-hpv-self-sampling-bmj-2018","kind":"paper","name":"Self-collected HPV samples are as accurate as clinician samples and reach women who never attend screening","route":"/key-papers/paper-hpv-self-sampling-bmj-2018/"},{"id":"paper-hpv-vaccine-sweden-nejm-2020","kind":"paper","name":"Swedish registry study: HPV vaccination almost eliminates cervical cancer when given before 17","route":"/key-papers/paper-hpv-vaccine-sweden-nejm-2020/"}],"institution":[{"id":"bc-cancer","kind":"institution","name":"BC Cancer","route":"/institutions/bc-cancer/"},{"id":"icmr-nicpr","kind":"institution","name":"ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research","route":"/institutions/icmr-nicpr/"},{"id":"unm-cancer-center","kind":"institution","name":"University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center","route":"/institutions/unm-cancer-center/"}],"pathway":[{"id":"oncogenic-viruses","kind":"pathway","name":"Oncogenic viruses","route":"/pathways/oncogenic-viruses/"}],"company":[{"id":"hologic","kind":"company","name":"Hologic","route":"/companies/hologic/"},{"id":"mobileodt","kind":"company","name":"MobileODT","route":"/companies/mobileodt/"}],"roadmap":[{"id":"prevention-roadmap","kind":"roadmap","name":"Cancer prevention roadmap: tobacco control and vaccines → biomarker-guided chemoprevention → interception in carriers","route":"/roadmaps/prevention-roadmap/"},{"id":"global-access-roadmap","kind":"roadmap","name":"Global access and affordability roadmap: essential medicines and generics → biosimilars and frugal trials → reliance, pooling and homegrown innovation","route":"/roadmaps/global-access-roadmap/"}]}}