{"entity":{"id":"high-risk-myeloma","kind":"term","name":"High-risk cytogenetics (myeloma)","aka":[],"tldr":"Chromosome changes such as del(17p), t(4;14), t(14;16) and extra copies of 1q that mark myeloma likely to relapse early.","summary":"IMS 2024 consensus: high risk = del(17p) with TP53 mutation or ≥20% clonal fraction, t(4;14) or t(14;16) or t(14;20) with 1q gain or del(1p), biallelic del(1p32), or β2M ≥5.5 with normal creatinine. Ultra-high risk with two or more lesions. High-risk patients gain less from most regimens; CAR-T and bispecifics narrow but do not close the gap.","asOf":"2026-09-07","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_myeloma","links":[{"label":"Palumbo et al., Revised International Staging System for multiple myeloma: IMWG report (Journal of Clinical Oncology 2015)","url":"https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2015.61.2267"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":["multiple-myeloma"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":["tp53"],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"category":"Biomarkers"},"route":"/terms/high-risk-myeloma/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"multiple-myeloma","kind":"cancer","name":"Multiple myeloma","route":"/cancers/multiple-myeloma/"},{"id":"myeloma-transplant-eligible","kind":"cancer","name":"Newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, transplant-eligible","route":"/cancers/myeloma-transplant-eligible/"},{"id":"plasma-cell-leukaemia","kind":"cancer","name":"Plasma cell leukaemia","route":"/cancers/plasma-cell-leukaemia/"},{"id":"smouldering-myeloma","kind":"cancer","name":"Smouldering multiple myeloma","route":"/cancers/smouldering-myeloma/"}],"target":[{"id":"tp53","kind":"target","name":"TP53","route":"/targets/tp53/"}],"collection":[{"id":"mmrf","kind":"collection","name":"Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation (MMRF)","route":"/collections/mmrf/"}],"term":[{"id":"cyclin-d1-t11-14","kind":"term","name":"t(11;14), cyclin D1 and SOX11","route":"/terms/cyclin-d1-t11-14/"}],"pathway":[{"id":"ubiquitin-proteasome-system","kind":"pathway","name":"Ubiquitin-proteasome system & protein homeostasis","route":"/pathways/ubiquitin-proteasome-system/"}]}}