{"entity":{"id":"hdac9","kind":"target","name":"HDAC9","aka":["histone deacetylase 9","Histone deacetylase 9","KIAA0744","HD7","HDAC7B"],"tldr":"HDAC9 (Histone deacetylase 9) is a protein that switches other genes on and off. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, a biomarker and a fusion partner, and an approved or late-stage drug is recorded against it. Tied to Breast cancer, Oesophageal cancer, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and 4 more.","summary":"Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Represses MEF2-dependent transcription.\n\nCIViC holds 3 clinical evidence items and 0 assertions across 2 variants, naming Panobinostat, HDAC Inhibitor REC-2282, Vorinostat and Trichostatin A. Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.66 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.99, genetic association 0.34, clinical 0.95).","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:14065","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:14065"},{"label":"UniProt Q9UKV0","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9UKV0/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 9734","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/9734"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000048052","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000048052"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["civic","open-targets"],"cancers":["breast-cancer","esophageal","non-hodgkin-lymphoma","multiple-myeloma","skin-cancer","glioblastoma","cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: Open Targets known-drug datatype score 0.95; CIViC holds 3 clinical evidence items on its variants; UniProt disease notes describe a translocation or gene fusion involving the gene. Evidence tier \"approved-drug\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"HDAC9","role":["drug-target","biomarker","fusion-partner"],"evidenceTier":"approved-drug","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:14065","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:14065","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt Q9UKV0","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9UKV0/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"CIViC gene HDAC9","url":"https://civicdb.org/features/7704","note":"3 evidence items, 0 assertions, 2 variants; diseases: Glioblastoma, Breast Cancer, Oesophageal Cancer (GraphQL API, CC0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000048052","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000048052/associations","note":"association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.66; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: plasma cell myeloma 0.56, non-Hodgkin lymphoma 0.58, skin cancer 0.51, primary cutaneous T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma 0.51 (GraphQL API, CC0)"}],"specificity":"tumour-specific","distribution":"many-types","specificityNote":"Tumour-specific alteration: the catalogues call it a fusion partner (UniProt records a translocation); what a medicine would aim at or exploit is the altered form or its loss, absent from normal cells; no corpus medicine is aimed at it yet. HPA HDAC9: RNA low tissue specificity; blood lineage group enriched (B-cells 53 nTPM, dendritic cells 74 nTPM, monocytes 24 nTPM); no normal tissue stained high; highest cancer staining skin cancer (8 of 12 high). Distribution: 6 cancer families in the corpus carry a prevalence row, label threshold or catalogue link for it (Breast cancer (all types), Oesophageal cancer, Lymphoma, Multiple myeloma, Skin cancer (all types), Brain and spinal cord tumours (all types)); Open Targets associates it with 4 specific cancer types at or above 0.5 (plasma cell myeloma, peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified, mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, primary cutaneous T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma). (Rule 6 of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts.)","specificitySources":[{"label":"UniProt Q9UKV0","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9UKV0/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"CIViC gene HDAC9","url":"https://civicdb.org/features/7704","note":"3 evidence items, 0 assertions, 2 variants; diseases: Glioblastoma, Breast Cancer, Oesophageal Cancer (GraphQL API, CC0)"},{"label":"Human Protein Atlas HDAC9 tissue","url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000048052-HDAC9/tissue","note":"RNA tissue and blood lineage specificity, normal tissue antibody staining (version 25.1, CC BY-SA 3.0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000048052 associations","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000048052/associations","note":"cancer associations at or above 0.5 (CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:14065","ensembl":"ENSG00000048052","uniprot":"Q9UKV0","entrez":"9734","firstDescribed":1998,"firstDescribedBasis":"sequence","firstDescribedNote":"Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Nagase et al, DNA Res, 1998, \"Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XI. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro\".","firstDescribedSource":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9872452/","biology":"Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Represses MEF2-dependent transcription. Isoform 3 lacks active site residues and therefore is catalytically inactive. Represses MEF2-dependent transcription by recruiting HDAC1 and/or HDAC3. Seems to inhibit skeletal myogenesis and to be involved in heart development. Location: Nucleus (UniProt). Locus 7p21.1 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Breast cancer: CIViC evidence names this disease","Oesophageal cancer: CIViC evidence names this disease","Non-Hodgkin lymphoma: Open Targets association 0.58 with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (MONDO_0018908)","Multiple myeloma: Open Targets association 0.56 with plasma cell myeloma (MONDO_0009693)","Skin cancer: Open Targets association 0.51 with skin cancer (MONDO_0002898)","Glioma & glioblastoma: CIViC evidence names this disease"],"targetClass":"transcription","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/hdac9/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"civic","kind":"collection","name":"CIViC","route":"/collections/civic/"},{"id":"open-targets","kind":"collection","name":"Open Targets Platform","route":"/collections/open-targets/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"breast-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Breast cancer (all types)","route":"/cancers/breast-cancer/"},{"id":"cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome)","route":"/cancers/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/"},{"id":"glioblastoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Glioma & glioblastoma","route":"/cancers/glioblastoma/"},{"id":"multiple-myeloma","kind":"cancer","name":"Multiple myeloma","route":"/cancers/multiple-myeloma/"},{"id":"non-hodgkin-lymphoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (all types)","route":"/cancers/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/"},{"id":"esophageal","kind":"cancer","name":"Oesophageal cancer","route":"/cancers/esophageal/"},{"id":"skin-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Skin cancer (all types)","route":"/cancers/skin-cancer/"}]}}