{"entity":{"id":"h1-2","kind":"target","name":"H1-2","aka":["H1.2 linker histone, cluster member","Histone H1.2","H1.2","H1s-1","H1c","H1F2","HIST1H1C"],"tldr":"H1-2 (Histone H1.2) is a gene. The public catalogues list it as a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.","summary":"Histone H1 protein binds to linker DNA between nucleosomes forming the macromolecular structure known as the chromatin fibre. Histone H1-2 is required for the condensation of nucleosome chains into higher-order structured fibres. Compared to other histone H1 variants, H1-2 plays an essential role in nucleosome condensation: its absence leads to global chromatin decompaction, which is not observed when depleting other histone H1 variants.\n\nCIViC holds 1 clinical evidence item and 0 assertions across 1 variant.","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:4716","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:4716"},{"label":"UniProt P16403","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P16403/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 3006","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/3006"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000187837","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000187837"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["civic"],"cancers":["dlbcl"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: CIViC holds 1 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier \"clinical-evidence\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"H1-2","role":["biomarker"],"evidenceTier":"clinical-evidence","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:4716","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:4716","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt P16403","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P16403/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"CIViC gene H1-2","url":"https://civicdb.org/features/2526","note":"1 evidence items, 0 assertions, 1 variants; diseases: Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (GraphQL API, CC0)"}],"specificity":"broadly-expressed","distribution":"one-type","specificityNote":"Broadly expressed or essential: HPA lists H1-2 among essential proteins and finds the RNA at low tissue specificity; a medicine acting on the wild-type protein would expose normal tissue too. HPA H1-2: RNA low tissue specificity; blood lineage lineage enriched (granulocytes 460 nTPM); high antibody staining in 45 normal tissues; highest cancer staining breast cancer (12 of 12 high). Distribution: 1 cancer family in the corpus carries a prevalence row, label threshold or catalogue link for it (Lymphoma); Open Targets associates it with 0 specific cancer types at or above 0.5. (Rule 7 of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts.)","specificitySources":[{"label":"Human Protein Atlas H1-2 tissue","url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000187837-H1-2/tissue","note":"RNA tissue and blood lineage specificity, normal tissue antibody staining (version 25.1, CC BY-SA 3.0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000187837 associations","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000187837/associations","note":"cancer associations at or above 0.5 (CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:4716","ensembl":"ENSG00000187837","uniprot":"P16403","entrez":"3006","firstDescribed":1989,"firstDescribedBasis":"sequence","firstDescribedNote":"Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Eick et al, Eur. J. Cell Biol, 1989, \"Human H1 histones: conserved and varied sequence elements in two H1 subtype genes\".","firstDescribedSource":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2759094/","biology":"Histone H1 protein binds to linker DNA between nucleosomes forming the macromolecular structure known as the chromatin fibre. Histone H1-2 is required for the condensation of nucleosome chains into higher-order structured fibres. Compared to other histone H1 variants, H1-2 plays an essential role in nucleosome condensation: its absence leads to global chromatin decompaction, which is not observed when depleting other histone H1 variants. Histone H1-2 also acts as a histone reader: specifically recognises and binds histone H3 trimethylated at 'lys-27' (H3K27me3). Histones H1 also promote formation of the H3K27me3 mark by the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex, possibly by facilitating restoration of H3K27me3 post-replication. Together with histone H1-3, histone H1-2 acts as a regulator of splicing, most specifically exon skipping and intron retention events: histone H1-2 has a high affinity for exons and regulates splicing by affecting RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) elongation. Location: Nucleus; Nucleus, nucleolus; Chromosome (UniProt). Locus 6p22.2 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: CIViC evidence names this disease"],"targetClass":"other","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/h1-2/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"civic","kind":"collection","name":"CIViC","route":"/collections/civic/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"dlbcl","kind":"cancer","name":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma","route":"/cancers/dlbcl/"}]}}