{"entity":{"id":"gp100","kind":"target","name":"gp100 (PMEL)","aka":[],"tldr":"gp100 is a pigment-cell protein, and the target of the first bispecific drug to improve survival in a solid tumour, uveal melanoma.","summary":"gp100 (PMEL) is a melanosomal matrix protein of the pigment-cell lineage, present in more than 90 percent of melanomas including uveal melanoma. It sits inside the cell and is presented on the surface only as peptide in HLA, so it is reached through T-cell receptor recognition rather than antibodies. Tebentafusp (Kimmtrak), an ImmTAC that fuses a high-affinity TCR against gp100/HLA-A*02:01 to an anti-CD3 effector, improved overall survival in metastatic uveal melanoma in the IMCgp100-202 trial, making it the first bispecific to improve survival in a solid tumour. Because normal skin melanocytes also carry gp100, rash is an expected on-target effect, and the HLA-A*02:01 restriction limits eligibility. Extending the approach to cutaneous melanoma is under study. The newcomer's version: gp100 is a pigment-cell protein that gave uveal melanoma its first life-extending drug.","asOf":"2026-09-04","links":[{"label":"UniProt P40967: PMEL (gp100)","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P40967/entry"}],"tags":["tcr-target"],"related":[],"cancers":["melanoma"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":["tebentafusp"],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"symbol":"PMEL","role":[],"sources":[],"specificity":"tumour-associated","distribution":"one-type","specificityNote":"Tumour-associated overexpression: 1 cell-killing or cell-finding medicine (Tebentafusp) aim at the antigen, which HPA finds stained high in 1 normal tissue; the medicine relies on the tumour carrying more of it than the normal tissue it shares it with. HPA PMEL: RNA tissue enhanced (cervix 32 nTPM, skin 1 109 nTPM); high antibody staining in 1 normal tissue; highest cancer staining melanoma (8 of 12 high). Distribution: 1 cancer family in the corpus carries a prevalence row, label threshold or catalogue link for it (Skin cancer (all types)); Open Targets associates it with 0 specific cancer types at or above 0.5. (Rule 5 of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts.)","specificitySources":[{"label":"Human Protein Atlas PMEL tissue","url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000185664-PMEL/tissue","note":"RNA tissue and blood lineage specificity, normal tissue antibody staining (version 25.1, CC BY-SA 3.0)"},{"label":"Human Protein Atlas PMEL pathology","url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000185664-PMEL/pathology","note":"patients per staining level per cancer type (version 25.1, CC BY-SA 3.0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000185664 associations","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000185664/associations","note":"cancer associations at or above 0.5 (CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:10880","ensembl":"ENSG00000185664","uniprot":"P40967","entrez":"6490","firstDescribed":1990,"firstDescribedBasis":"sequence","firstDescribedNote":"Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Vogel, 1990, \"Sequence of a melanocyte specific secreted glycoprotein\".","firstDescribedSource":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P40967/entry","biology":"Melanosomal matrix protein; intracellular, presented on HLA.","whereFound":["Melanoma including uveal"],"targetClass":"other","prevalence":[{"cancerId":"melanoma","pct":">90","measure":"Melanocytic lineage antigen","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premelanosome_protein","note":"HLA-A*02:01 required for tebentafusp"}]},"route":"/targets/gp100/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"melanoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Melanoma","route":"/cancers/melanoma/"},{"id":"uveal-melanoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Uveal melanoma","route":"/cancers/uveal-melanoma/"}],"drug":[{"id":"tebentafusp","kind":"drug","name":"Tebentafusp","route":"/drugs/tebentafusp/"}],"trial":[{"id":"imcgp100-202","kind":"trial","name":"IMCgp100-202","route":"/trials/imcgp100-202/"}],"technology":[{"id":"t-cell-engager","kind":"technology","name":"T-cell engagers (bispecific)","route":"/technologies/t-cell-engager/"},{"id":"tcr-t","kind":"technology","name":"TCR-T cell therapy","route":"/technologies/tcr-t/"}],"person":[{"id":"paul-nathan","kind":"person","name":"Paul Nathan","route":"/people/paul-nathan/"},{"id":"richard-carvajal","kind":"person","name":"Richard D. Carvajal","route":"/people/richard-carvajal/"}],"pathway":[{"id":"antigen-presentation-immunoediting","kind":"pathway","name":"Antigen presentation & immune editing","route":"/pathways/antigen-presentation-immunoediting/"}],"institution":[{"id":"oxford-cancer","kind":"institution","name":"Oxford Cancer (Oxford University Hospitals and University of Oxford)","route":"/institutions/oxford-cancer/"}],"target":[{"id":"hla-a","kind":"target","name":"HLA-A","route":"/targets/hla-a/"}]}}