{"entity":{"id":"ereg","kind":"target","name":"EREG","aka":["epiregulin","Proepiregulin"],"tldr":"EREG (Proepiregulin) is a gene. The public catalogues list it as a drug target and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Colorectal cancer and Non-small-cell lung cancer.","summary":"Ligand of the EGF receptor/EGFR and ERBB4. Stimulates EGFR and ERBB4 tyrosine phosphorylation. Contributes to inflammation, wound healing, tissue repair, and oocyte maturation by regulating angiogenesis and vascular remodeling and by stimulating cell proliferation.\n\nCIViC holds 3 clinical evidence items and 0 assertions across 2 variants, naming Cetuximab and Panitumumab. Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.64 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.98, affected pathway 0.88, genetic association 0.00).","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:3443","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:3443"},{"label":"UniProt O14944","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/O14944/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 2069","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2069"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000124882","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000124882"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["civic","open-targets"],"cancers":["colorectal","nsclc"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: CIViC lists 2 therapies; CIViC holds 3 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier \"clinical-evidence\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"EREG","role":["drug-target","biomarker"],"evidenceTier":"clinical-evidence","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:3443","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:3443","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt O14944","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/O14944/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"CIViC gene EREG","url":"https://civicdb.org/features/1737","note":"3 evidence items, 0 assertions, 2 variants; diseases: Colorectal Cancer, Lung Adenocarcinoma (GraphQL API, CC0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000124882","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000124882/associations","note":"association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.64;  (GraphQL API, CC0)"}],"distribution":"few-types","specificityNote":"Specificity not established: no corpus medicine is aimed at it and the catalogues give it only the roles drug-target, biomarker; HPA finds the RNA tissue enriched, which says where the protein sits but not whether the tumour differs from normal tissue. HPA EREG: RNA tissue enriched (bone marrow 122 nTPM); no normal tissue stained high. Distribution: 2 cancer families in the corpus carry a prevalence row, label threshold or catalogue link for it (Colorectal cancer, Lung cancer (all types)); Open Targets associates it with 0 specific cancer types at or above 0.5. (No rule of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts fired.)","specificitySources":[{"label":"Human Protein Atlas EREG tissue","url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000124882-EREG/tissue","note":"RNA tissue and blood lineage specificity, normal tissue antibody staining (version 25.1, CC BY-SA 3.0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000124882 associations","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000124882/associations","note":"cancer associations at or above 0.5 (CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:3443","ensembl":"ENSG00000124882","uniprot":"O14944","entrez":"2069","firstDescribed":1997,"firstDescribedBasis":"sequence","firstDescribedNote":"Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Toyoda et al, Biochem. J, 1997, \"Distribution of mRNA for human epiregulin, a differentially expressed member of the epidermal growth factor family\".","firstDescribedSource":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9337852/","biology":"Ligand of the EGF receptor/EGFR and ERBB4. Stimulates EGFR and ERBB4 tyrosine phosphorylation. Contributes to inflammation, wound healing, tissue repair, and oocyte maturation by regulating angiogenesis and vascular remodeling and by stimulating cell proliferation. Location: Secreted, extracellular space; Cell membrane (UniProt). Locus 4q13.3 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Colorectal cancer: CIViC evidence names this disease","Non-small-cell lung cancer: CIViC evidence names this disease"],"targetClass":"other","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/ereg/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"civic","kind":"collection","name":"CIViC","route":"/collections/civic/"},{"id":"open-targets","kind":"collection","name":"Open Targets Platform","route":"/collections/open-targets/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"colorectal","kind":"cancer","name":"Colorectal cancer","route":"/cancers/colorectal/"},{"id":"nsclc","kind":"cancer","name":"Non-small-cell lung cancer","route":"/cancers/nsclc/"}]}}