{"entity":{"id":"endoscopy","kind":"term","name":"Endoscopy (EGD, EUS, ERCP)","aka":["endoscopic","upper endoscopy","gastroscopy","endoscopic ultrasound","EUS","ERCP","chromoendoscopy","cystoscopy","endoscopies","cystoscopies"],"tldr":"Looking inside a hollow organ with a camera on a flexible tube, taking biopsies and sometimes treating on the spot.","summary":"Upper endoscopy diagnoses and surveils oesophageal and gastric cancer and Barrett's; endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) images the wall layers and nearby nodes and guides fine-needle biopsy of pancreatic masses; ERCP cannulates the bile duct to biopsy and place stents in obstructive jaundice; cystoscopy is the equivalent for the bladder. Lugol chromoendoscopy and narrow-band imaging highlight early squamous and Barrett's neoplasia. Population endoscopic screening is standard in Japan and Korea for gastric cancer.","asOf":"2026-09-09","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoscopy","links":[{"label":"Wikipedia","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoscopy"}],"tags":[],"related":["colonoscopy","endoscopic-resection","biliary-stent"],"cancers":["esophageal","gastric","pancreatic","cholangiocarcinoma","urothelial"],"sections":["diagnostics"],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"category":"Procedures"},"route":"/terms/endoscopy/","neighbours":{"term":[{"id":"biliary-drainage-routes","kind":"term","name":"Biliary drainage routes: ERCP stent, percutaneous (PTC) and EUS-guided","route":"/terms/biliary-drainage-routes/"},{"id":"colonoscopy","kind":"term","name":"Colonoscopy","route":"/terms/colonoscopy/"},{"id":"duodenal-stenting-gastric-outlet","kind":"term","name":"Duodenal stenting and gastrojejunostomy for malignant gastric outlet obstruction","route":"/terms/duodenal-stenting-gastric-outlet/"},{"id":"lymphoma-tx-h-pylori-eradication","kind":"term","name":"Helicobacter pylori eradication as cancer treatment in gastric MALT lymphoma","route":"/terms/lymphoma-tx-h-pylori-eradication/"},{"id":"obstructing-colorectal-cancer","kind":"term","name":"Obstruction and T4 disease in bowel cancer","route":"/terms/obstructing-colorectal-cancer/"},{"id":"obstructive-jaundice","kind":"term","name":"Obstructive jaundice and biliary obstruction","route":"/terms/obstructive-jaundice/"},{"id":"biliary-stent","kind":"term","name":"Stenting (biliary, oesophageal, airway)","route":"/terms/biliary-stent/"},{"id":"watch-and-wait-rectal-cancer","kind":"term","name":"Watch and wait after chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer","route":"/terms/watch-and-wait-rectal-cancer/"}],"technology":[{"id":"capsule-endoscopy-systems","kind":"technology","name":"Capsule endoscopy (PillCam, EndoCapsule, CapsoCam)","route":"/technologies/capsule-endoscopy-systems/"},{"id":"endoscopic-resection","kind":"technology","name":"Endoscopic resection (EMR / ESD)","route":"/technologies/endoscopic-resection/"},{"id":"endoscopic-ultrasound-systems","kind":"technology","name":"Endoscopic ultrasound and EBUS systems","route":"/technologies/endoscopic-ultrasound-systems/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"colorectal-adenoma-like-adenocarcinoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Adenoma-like adenocarcinoma of the colon and rectum","route":"/cancers/colorectal-adenoma-like-adenocarcinoma/"},{"id":"ampullary","kind":"cancer","name":"Ampullary cancer (ampulla of Vater)","route":"/cancers/ampullary/"},{"id":"cholangiocarcinoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Biliary tract cancer (cholangiocarcinoma)","route":"/cancers/cholangiocarcinoma/"},{"id":"urothelial","kind":"cancer","name":"Bladder & urothelial cancer","route":"/cancers/urothelial/"},{"id":"colorectal","kind":"cancer","name":"Colorectal cancer","route":"/cancers/colorectal/"},{"id":"early-gastric-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Early gastric cancer","route":"/cancers/early-gastric-cancer/"},{"id":"enteropathy-associated-t-cell-lymphoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma","route":"/cancers/enteropathy-associated-t-cell-lymphoma/"},{"id":"extrahepatic-cholangiocarcinoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (perihilar and distal)","route":"/cancers/extrahepatic-cholangiocarcinoma/"},{"id":"malt-lymphoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma)","route":"/cancers/malt-lymphoma/"},{"id":"extranodal-nk-t-cell-lymphoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma","route":"/cancers/extranodal-nk-t-cell-lymphoma/"},{"id":"fap-associated-colorectal-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Familial adenomatous polyposis-associated colorectal cancer","route":"/cancers/fap-associated-colorectal-cancer/"},{"id":"gastric","kind":"cancer","name":"Gastric & gastro-oesophageal junction cancer","route":"/cancers/gastric/"},{"id":"gastric-malt-lymphoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Gastric MALT lymphoma","route":"/cancers/gastric-malt-lymphoma/"},{"id":"goblet-cell-adenocarcinoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Goblet cell adenocarcinoma of the appendix","route":"/cancers/goblet-cell-adenocarcinoma/"},{"id":"ipmn-cystic-precursors","kind":"cancer","name":"Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and other pancreatic cystic precursors","route":"/cancers/ipmn-cystic-precursors/"},{"id":"localised-small-bowel-adenocarcinoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Localised small bowel adenocarcinoma (stage I to III, resected)","route":"/cancers/localised-small-bowel-adenocarcinoma/"},{"id":"esophageal","kind":"cancer","name":"Oesophageal cancer","route":"/cancers/esophageal/"},{"id":"pancreatic","kind":"cancer","name":"Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","route":"/cancers/pancreatic/"},{"id":"small-bowel","kind":"cancer","name":"Small intestine cancer (small bowel adenocarcinoma)","route":"/cancers/small-bowel/"}],"section":[{"id":"diagnostics","kind":"section","name":"Diagnostics & Biomarkers","route":"/fronts/diagnostics/"}],"paper":[{"id":"paper-zauber-national-polyp-study-colonoscopic-polypectomy-nejm-2012","kind":"paper","name":"Colonoscopic polypectomy and long-term prevention of colorectal-cancer deaths (National Polyp 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and the risk of interval cancer","route":"/key-papers/paper-kaminski-adenoma-detection-rate-interval-cancer-nejm-2010/"},{"id":"paper-hardcastle-nottingham-faecal-occult-blood-lancet-1996","kind":"paper","name":"Randomised controlled trial of faecal-occult-blood screening for colorectal cancer (Nottingham)","route":"/key-papers/paper-hardcastle-nottingham-faecal-occult-blood-lancet-1996/"}],"idea":[{"id":"idea-crc-uk-colonoscopy-capacity-and-fit-threshold","kind":"idea","name":"UK gap: match endoscopy capacity and quality to the faecal immunochemical test thresholds the NHS has already set","route":"/ideas/idea-crc-uk-colonoscopy-capacity-and-fit-threshold/"}]}}