{"entity":{"id":"eml4","kind":"target","name":"EML4","aka":["EMAP like 4","Echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4","ROPP120","ELP120","C2orf2"],"tldr":"EML4 (Echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4) is a gene. The public catalogues list it as a drug target and a fusion partner, and an approved or late-stage drug is recorded against it. Tied to Lung cancer, Thyroid cancer and Non-small-cell lung cancer.","summary":"Essential for the formation and stability of microtubules (MTs). Required for the organisation of the mitotic spindle and for the proper attachment of kinetochores to MTs. Promotes the recruitment of NUDC to the mitotic spindle for mitotic progression.\n\nOpen Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.84 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes clinical 0.99, affected pathway 0.94, literature 0.98, genetic association 0.41, somatic mutation 0.98).","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:1316","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:1316"},{"label":"UniProt Q9HC35","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9HC35/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 27436","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/27436"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000143924","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000143924"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["open-targets"],"cancers":["lung-cancer","thyroid","nsclc"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: Open Targets known-drug datatype score 0.99; UniProt disease notes describe a translocation or gene fusion involving the gene. Evidence tier \"approved-drug\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"EML4","role":["drug-target","fusion-partner"],"evidenceTier":"approved-drug","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:1316","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:1316","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt Q9HC35","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9HC35/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000143924","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000143924/associations","note":"association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.84; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: non-small cell lung carcinoma 0.75, thyroid cancer 0.55, lung cancer 0.76 (GraphQL API, CC0)"}],"specificity":"tumour-specific","distribution":"few-types","specificityNote":"Tumour-specific alteration: the catalogues call it a fusion partner (UniProt records a translocation); what a medicine would aim at or exploit is the altered form or its loss, absent from normal cells; no corpus medicine is aimed at it yet. HPA EML4: RNA low tissue specificity; high antibody staining in 26 normal tissues; highest cancer staining colorectal cancer (9 of 11 high). Distribution: 2 cancer families in the corpus carry a prevalence row, label threshold or catalogue link for it (Lung cancer (all types), Thyroid cancer); Open Targets associates it with 1 specific cancer type at or above 0.5 (non-small cell lung carcinoma). (Rule 6 of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts.)","specificitySources":[{"label":"UniProt Q9HC35","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9HC35/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"Human Protein Atlas EML4 tissue","url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000143924-EML4/tissue","note":"RNA tissue and blood lineage specificity, normal tissue antibody staining (version 25.1, CC BY-SA 3.0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000143924 associations","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000143924/associations","note":"cancer associations at or above 0.5 (CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:1316","ensembl":"ENSG00000143924","uniprot":"Q9HC35","entrez":"27436","firstDescribed":2000,"firstDescribedBasis":"sequence","firstDescribedNote":"Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Heidebrecht H.J. et al, Genomics, 2000, \"Cloning and localization of C2orf2(ropp120), a previously unknown WD repeat protein\".","firstDescribedSource":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10995578/","biology":"Essential for the formation and stability of microtubules (MTs). Required for the organisation of the mitotic spindle and for the proper attachment of kinetochores to MTs. Promotes the recruitment of NUDC to the mitotic spindle for mitotic progression. Location: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton; Cytoplasm; Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle; Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center (UniProt). Locus 2p21 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Lung cancer: Open Targets association 0.76 with lung cancer (MONDO_0008903)","Thyroid cancer: Open Targets association 0.55 with thyroid cancer (MONDO_0002108)","Non-small-cell lung cancer: Open Targets association 0.75 with non-small cell lung carcinoma (MONDO_0005233)"],"targetClass":"other","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/eml4/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"open-targets","kind":"collection","name":"Open Targets Platform","route":"/collections/open-targets/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"lung-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Lung cancer (all types)","route":"/cancers/lung-cancer/"},{"id":"nsclc","kind":"cancer","name":"Non-small-cell lung cancer","route":"/cancers/nsclc/"},{"id":"thyroid","kind":"cancer","name":"Thyroid cancer","route":"/cancers/thyroid/"}]}}