{"entity":{"id":"egf","kind":"target","name":"EGF","aka":["epidermal growth factor","Pro-epidermal growth factor"],"tldr":"EGF (Pro-epidermal growth factor) is a gene. The public catalogues list it as a drug target and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.","summary":"EGF stimulates the growth of various epidermal and epithelial tissues in vivo and in vitro and of some fibroblasts in cell culture. Magnesiotropic hormone that stimulates magnesium reabsorption in the renal distal convoluted tubule via engagement of EGFR and activation of the magnesium channel TRPM6. Can induce neurite outgrowth in motoneurons of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis in vitro.\n\nCIViC holds 1 clinical evidence item and 0 assertions across 1 variant, naming Cetuximab. Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.65 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.99, affected pathway 0.99, genetic association 0.23).","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:3229","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:3229"},{"label":"UniProt P01133","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P01133/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 1950","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/1950"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000138798","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000138798"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["civic","open-targets"],"cancers":["head-and-neck"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":["rtk-activation"],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: CIViC lists 1 therapies; CIViC holds 1 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier \"clinical-evidence\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"EGF","role":["drug-target","biomarker"],"evidenceTier":"clinical-evidence","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:3229","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:3229","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt P01133","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P01133/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"CIViC gene EGF","url":"https://civicdb.org/features/1634","note":"1 evidence items, 0 assertions, 1 variants; diseases: Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (GraphQL API, CC0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000138798","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000138798/associations","note":"association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.65;  (GraphQL API, CC0)"}],"distribution":"one-type","specificityNote":"Specificity not established: no corpus medicine is aimed at it and the catalogues give it only the roles drug-target, biomarker; HPA finds the RNA group enriched, which says where the protein sits but not whether the tumour differs from normal tissue. HPA EGF: RNA group enriched (kidney 103 nTPM, pancreas 84 nTPM, skeletal muscle 26 nTPM); no normal tissue stained high. Distribution: 1 cancer family in the corpus carries a prevalence row, label threshold or catalogue link for it (Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma); Open Targets associates it with 0 specific cancer types at or above 0.5. (No rule of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts fired.)","specificitySources":[{"label":"Human Protein Atlas EGF tissue","url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000138798-EGF/tissue","note":"RNA tissue and blood lineage specificity, normal tissue antibody staining (version 25.1, CC BY-SA 3.0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000138798 associations","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000138798/associations","note":"cancer associations at or above 0.5 (CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:3229","ensembl":"ENSG00000138798","uniprot":"P01133","entrez":"1950","firstDescribed":1977,"firstDescribedBasis":"sequence","firstDescribedNote":"Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Gregory et al, Int. J. Pept. Protein Res, 1977, \"The primary structure of human urogastrone\".","firstDescribedSource":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/300079/","biology":"EGF stimulates the growth of various epidermal and epithelial tissues in vivo and in vitro and of some fibroblasts in cell culture. Magnesiotropic hormone that stimulates magnesium reabsorption in the renal distal convoluted tubule via engagement of EGFR and activation of the magnesium channel TRPM6. Can induce neurite outgrowth in motoneurons of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis in vitro. Location: Membrane (UniProt). Locus 4q25 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: CIViC evidence names this disease"],"targetClass":"other","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/egf/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"civic","kind":"collection","name":"CIViC","route":"/collections/civic/"},{"id":"open-targets","kind":"collection","name":"Open Targets Platform","route":"/collections/open-targets/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"head-and-neck","kind":"cancer","name":"Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","route":"/cancers/head-and-neck/"}],"pathway":[{"id":"rtk-activation","kind":"pathway","name":"Receptor tyrosine kinase activation","route":"/pathways/rtk-activation/"}]}}