{"entity":{"id":"cx3cl1","kind":"target","name":"CX3CL1","aka":["C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1","Fractalkine","C3Xkine","ABCD-3","CXC3C","CXC3","SCYD1"],"tldr":"CX3CL1 (Fractalkine) is a gene. The public catalogues list it as a drug target and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Non-small-cell lung cancer.","summary":"Chemokine that acts as a ligand for both CX3CR1 and integrins ITGAV:ITGB3 and ITGA4:ITGB1. The CX3CR1-CX3CL1 signalling exerts distinct functions in different tissue compartments, such as immune response, inflammation, cell adhesion and chemotaxis. Regulates leukocyte adhesion and migration processes at the endothelium.\n\nCIViC holds 1 clinical evidence item and 0 assertions across 1 variant, naming Atezolizumab.","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:10647","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:10647"},{"label":"UniProt P78423","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P78423/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 6376","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/6376"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000006210","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000006210"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["civic"],"cancers":["nsclc"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: CIViC lists 1 therapies; CIViC holds 1 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier \"clinical-evidence\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"CX3CL1","role":["drug-target","biomarker"],"evidenceTier":"clinical-evidence","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:10647","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:10647","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt P78423","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P78423/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"CIViC gene CX3CL1","url":"https://civicdb.org/features/5167","note":"1 evidence items, 0 assertions, 1 variants; diseases: Lung Non-small Cell Carcinoma (GraphQL API, CC0)"}],"specificity":"broadly-expressed","distribution":"one-type","specificityNote":"Broadly expressed or essential: HPA finds the RNA at low tissue specificity; a medicine acting on the wild-type protein would expose normal tissue too. HPA CX3CL1: RNA low tissue specificity; high antibody staining in 1 normal tissue; highest cancer staining colorectal cancer (12 of 12 high). Distribution: 1 cancer family in the corpus carries a prevalence row, label threshold or catalogue link for it (Lung cancer (all types)); Open Targets associates it with 0 specific cancer types at or above 0.5. (Rule 7 of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts.)","specificitySources":[{"label":"Human Protein Atlas CX3CL1 tissue","url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000006210-CX3CL1/tissue","note":"RNA tissue and blood lineage specificity, normal tissue antibody staining (version 25.1, CC BY-SA 3.0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000006210 associations","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000006210/associations","note":"cancer associations at or above 0.5 (CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:10647","ensembl":"ENSG00000006210","uniprot":"P78423","entrez":"6376","firstDescribed":1997,"firstDescribedBasis":"sequence","firstDescribedNote":"Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Pan et al, Nature, 1997, \"Neurotactin, a membrane-anchored chemokine upregulated in brain inflammation\".","firstDescribedSource":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9177350/","biology":"Chemokine that acts as a ligand for both CX3CR1 and integrins ITGAV:ITGB3 and ITGA4:ITGB1. The CX3CR1-CX3CL1 signalling exerts distinct functions in different tissue compartments, such as immune response, inflammation, cell adhesion and chemotaxis. Regulates leukocyte adhesion and migration processes at the endothelium. Can activate integrins in both a CX3CR1-dependent and CX3CR1-independent manner. In the presence of CX3CR1, activates integrins by binding to the classical ligand-binding site (site 1) in integrins. In the absence of CX3CR1, binds to a second site (site 2) in integrins which is distinct from site 1 and enhances the binding of other integrin ligands to site 1. Location: Cell membrane; Secreted (UniProt). Locus 16q21 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Non-small-cell lung cancer: CIViC evidence names this disease"],"targetClass":"other","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/cx3cl1/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"civic","kind":"collection","name":"CIViC","route":"/collections/civic/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"nsclc","kind":"cancer","name":"Non-small-cell lung cancer","route":"/cancers/nsclc/"}]}}