{"entity":{"id":"csf2ra","kind":"target","name":"GM-CSF receptor (CSF2RA)","aka":[],"tldr":"The GM-CSF receptor is what sargramostim switches on to speed the recovery of white cells after leukaemia chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation, and it is the signal that tumour vaccines such as talimogene use to recruit immune cells.","summary":"The granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor is made of a ligand-binding alpha chain (CSF2RA) and the common beta chain shared with the IL-3 and IL-5 receptors. Recombinant GM-CSF (sargramostim, Leukine) is approved to shorten neutrophil recovery after induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukaemia and after autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplantation, and to mobilise stem cells. GM-CSF is also encoded into talimogene laherparepvec and several cancer vaccines to attract and mature dendritic cells at the tumour site, while the receptor itself is a marker on juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia cells.","asOf":"2026-09-04","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GM-CSF_receptor","links":[{"label":"UniProt P15509: CSF2RA","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P15509/entry"},{"label":"HGNC:2435 CSF2RA","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:2435"},{"label":"ChEMBL target CHEMBL2364169","url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/target/CHEMBL2364169"}],"tags":["chembl-gap"],"related":["jak2","csf3r"],"cancers":["aml","melanoma"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":["talimogene-laherparepvec"],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"symbol":"CSF2RA","role":[],"sources":[],"specificity":"lineage-antigen","distribution":"few-types","specificityNote":"Lineage antigen shared with normal dendritic cells and granulocytes and monocytes: HPA blood lineage group enriched at or above 25 nTPM, and surface-antigen class aim at it, so normal cells of the lineage are hit too. HPA CSF2RA: RNA tissue enhanced (placenta 60 nTPM); blood lineage group enriched (dendritic cells 170 nTPM, granulocytes 320 nTPM, monocytes 161 nTPM); no normal tissue stained high; highest cancer staining melanoma (3 of 12 high). Distribution: 2 cancer families in the corpus carry a prevalence row, label threshold or catalogue link for it (Leukaemia, Skin cancer (all types)); approvals of single-target medicines aimed at it also list Lymphoma, not counted; Open Targets associates it with 1 specific cancer type at or above 0.5 (acute myeloid leukemia). (Rule 5 of scripts/fetch-target-specificity.ts.)","specificitySources":[{"label":"Human Protein Atlas CSF2RA tissue","url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000198223-CSF2RA/tissue","note":"RNA tissue and blood lineage specificity, normal tissue antibody staining (version 25.1, CC BY-SA 3.0)"},{"label":"Human Protein Atlas CSF2RA pathology","url":"https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000198223-CSF2RA/pathology","note":"patients per staining level per cancer type (version 25.1, CC BY-SA 3.0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000198223 associations","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000198223/associations","note":"cancer associations at or above 0.5 (CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:2435","ensembl":"ENSG00000198223","uniprot":"P15509","entrez":"1438","firstDescribed":1989,"firstDescribedBasis":"sequence","firstDescribedNote":"Earliest sequence paper UniProt cites for the protein: Gearing D.P. et al, EMBO J, 1989, \"Expression cloning of a receptor for human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor\".","firstDescribedSource":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2555171/","biology":"A type I cytokine receptor whose beta chain activates JAK2 and STAT5; it drives proliferation and differentiation of granulocyte and macrophage precursors and activates dendritic cells.","whereFound":["Myeloid progenitors, neutrophils, monocytes and dendritic cells","Juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia and some AML blasts"],"targetClass":"surface-antigen","prevalence":[{"cancerId":"metastatic-cancer","pct":"host","measure":"Host target: GM-CSF receptor on white-cell precursors. Not a tumour alteration, so no prevalence applies; the drug acts on normal tissue or on symptoms."}]},"route":"/targets/csf2ra/","neighbours":{"target":[{"id":"csf3r","kind":"target","name":"G-CSF receptor (CSF3R)","route":"/targets/csf3r/"},{"id":"jak2","kind":"target","name":"JAK2","route":"/targets/jak2/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"aml","kind":"cancer","name":"Acute myeloid leukaemia","route":"/cancers/aml/"},{"id":"melanoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Melanoma","route":"/cancers/melanoma/"}],"drug":[{"id":"sargramostim","kind":"drug","name":"Sargramostim","route":"/drugs/sargramostim/"},{"id":"talimogene-laherparepvec","kind":"drug","name":"Talimogene laherparepvec","route":"/drugs/talimogene-laherparepvec/"}]}}