{"entity":{"id":"convert","kind":"trial","name":"CONVERT","aka":[],"tldr":"Settled the radiotherapy schedule debate in limited-stage disease: neither schedule was superior, so twice-daily 45 Gy remains standard and once-daily is an acceptable alternative.","summary":"CONVERT, trial NCT00433563 sponsored by Cancer Research UK and the EORTC and reported in 2017, settled the radiotherapy schedule debate in limited-stage small-cell lung cancer: neither schedule was superior, so twice-daily 45 Gy remains standard and once-daily 66 Gy is an acceptable alternative. It randomised 547 patients to twice-daily or once-daily thoracic radiotherapy with concurrent cisplatin and etoposide, was designed to show superiority of the once-daily schedule and did not, with similar toxicity and both arms outperforming historical controls. OnCo links it to small-cell lung cancer, modern external beam radiotherapy, the limited-stage term and Corinne Faivre-Finn. Because it was not a non-inferiority design, whether once-daily treatment is truly equivalent rather than merely not proven superior is the open question.","status":"mixed","asOf":"2026-09-07","links":[{"label":"ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00433563","url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00433563"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":["sclc","limited-stage-sclc"],"sections":[],"technologies":["imrt-igrt"],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":["curie-nki-eortc"],"institutions":["the-christie"],"pathways":[],"terms":["limited-extensive-stage"],"trials":["chart-lung"],"people":["corinne-faivre-finn"],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":["paper-convert-lancet-oncol-2017","paper-convert-int-j-radiat-oncol-biol-phys-2024-update"],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"nct":"NCT00433563","phase":"3","setting":"Limited-stage SCLC: twice-daily 45 Gy vs once-daily 66 Gy thoracic radiotherapy with concurrent cisplatin-etoposide","sponsor":"Cancer Research UK / EORTC","result":"No significant difference; twice-daily 45 Gy remains standard.","started":"2008-04","yearReported":2017,"enrolled":547,"enrolledBasis":"registry","outcomes":[{"endpoint":"Overall survival","primary":true,"unit":"months","arms":[{"name":"Twice-daily 45 Gy","n":274,"value":30},{"name":"Once-daily 66 Gy","n":273,"value":25}],"hr":1.18,"ci":[0.95,1.45],"source":"https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanonc/article/PIIS1470-2045(17)30318-2/fulltext"}]},"route":"/trials/convert/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"limited-stage-sclc","kind":"cancer","name":"Limited-stage small-cell lung cancer","route":"/cancers/limited-stage-sclc/"},{"id":"lung-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Lung cancer (all types)","route":"/cancers/lung-cancer/"},{"id":"sclc","kind":"cancer","name":"Small-cell lung cancer","route":"/cancers/sclc/"}],"technology":[{"id":"imrt-igrt","kind":"technology","name":"IMRT / IGRT (modern external beam)","route":"/technologies/imrt-igrt/"}],"company":[{"id":"curie-nki-eortc","kind":"company","name":"EORTC","route":"/companies/curie-nki-eortc/"}],"institution":[{"id":"cruk","kind":"institution","name":"Cancer Research UK","route":"/institutions/cruk/"},{"id":"the-christie","kind":"institution","name":"The Christie NHS Foundation Trust","route":"/institutions/the-christie/"}],"term":[{"id":"control-arm","kind":"term","name":"Control arm and comparator (investigator's choice)","route":"/terms/control-arm/"},{"id":"external-control-arm","kind":"term","name":"External and synthetic control arms","route":"/terms/external-control-arm/"},{"id":"limited-extensive-stage","kind":"term","name":"Limited-stage vs extensive-stage (small-cell lung cancer)","route":"/terms/limited-extensive-stage/"},{"id":"non-inferiority-margin","kind":"term","name":"Non-inferiority margin and equivalence trials","route":"/terms/non-inferiority-margin/"},{"id":"non-inferiority","kind":"term","name":"Non-inferiority trial","route":"/terms/non-inferiority/"},{"id":"trial-failure-modes","kind":"term","name":"Why trials fail: underpowered, wrong endpoint, control arm drift, subgroup fishing, crossover","route":"/terms/trial-failure-modes/"}],"trial":[{"id":"chart-lung","kind":"trial","name":"CHART","route":"/trials/chart-lung/"},{"id":"turrisi-intergroup-0096","kind":"trial","name":"Intergroup 0096 (Turrisi): twice-daily versus once-daily thoracic radiotherapy","route":"/trials/turrisi-intergroup-0096/"}],"person":[{"id":"corinne-faivre-finn","kind":"person","name":"Corinne Faivre-Finn","route":"/people/corinne-faivre-finn/"}],"paper":[{"id":"paper-convert-lancet-oncol-2017","kind":"paper","name":"Concurrent once-daily versus twice-daily chemoradiotherapy in patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (CONVERT): an open-label, phase 3, randomised, superiority trial","route":"/key-papers/paper-convert-lancet-oncol-2017/"},{"id":"paper-convert-int-j-radiat-oncol-biol-phys-2024-update","kind":"paper","name":"Long-Term Outcomes After Concurrent Once- or Twice-Daily Chemoradiation in Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Brief Report From the CONVERT Trial","route":"/key-papers/paper-convert-int-j-radiat-oncol-biol-phys-2024-update/"}],"roadmap":[{"id":"radiation-roadmap","kind":"roadmap","name":"Radiotherapy roadmap: X-rays → shaped beams → fewer fractions, particles and FLASH","route":"/roadmaps/radiation-roadmap/"}]}}