{"entity":{"id":"cnio","kind":"institution","name":"Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO)","aka":["Spanish National Cancer Research Centre","CNIO"],"tldr":"Spain's national cancer research centre, founded by RAS pioneer Mariano Barbacid and known for oncogene, telomere and senescence biology.","summary":"The CNIO was created in 1998 with Mariano Barbacid, who had isolated the first human oncogene (HRAS) in 1982, as founding director; María Blasco (telomeres and telomerase) directed it from 2011 to 2025. Its groups made foundational contributions to KRAS-driven pancreatic and lung cancer models, cellular senescence (Manuel Serrano), replication stress (Óscar Fernández-Capetillo), melanoma metastasis (Marisol Soengas) and structural biology, and its Experimental Therapeutics Programme discovers small molecules for academic and industry partners. Clinical research units embedded in Madrid hospitals, including the H12O-CNIO lung unit and breast and prostate units, translate discoveries into trials. The centre runs a familial cancer clinical unit and a large biobank.","asOf":"2026-09-09","links":[{"label":"Homepage","url":"https://www.cnio.es/en/"},{"label":"Research programmes","url":"https://www.cnio.es/en/research-innovation/"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":["pancreatic","nsclc","melanoma","breast-hr-positive"],"sections":["drug-discovery","targeted-therapy"],"technologies":["kras-inhibitors","pdx-models","crispr-screens","ai-drug-design"],"targets":["kras","tp53"],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":["12-de-octubre","vall-dhebron"],"pathways":[],"terms":["oncogene-addiction"],"trials":[],"people":["fernando-pelaez"],"bottlenecks":["b-undruggable-targets"],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"city":"Madrid","country":"ES","lat":40.497,"lng":-3.69,"institutionType":"research-institute","website":"https://www.cnio.es/en/","programs":["Molecular oncology (RAS, telomeres, senescence)","Experimental Therapeutics Programme","Clinical research units in Madrid hospitals","Familial cancer unit","Structural biology"]},"route":"/institutions/cnio/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"breast-hr-positive","kind":"cancer","name":"HR-positive / HER2-negative breast cancer","route":"/cancers/breast-hr-positive/"},{"id":"melanoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Melanoma","route":"/cancers/melanoma/"},{"id":"nsclc","kind":"cancer","name":"Non-small-cell lung cancer","route":"/cancers/nsclc/"},{"id":"pancreatic","kind":"cancer","name":"Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","route":"/cancers/pancreatic/"}],"section":[{"id":"drug-discovery","kind":"section","name":"Drug Discovery Platforms","route":"/fronts/drug-discovery/"},{"id":"targeted-therapy","kind":"section","name":"Targeted Therapy","route":"/fronts/targeted-therapy/"}],"technology":[{"id":"ai-drug-design","kind":"technology","name":"AI-driven drug & target discovery","route":"/technologies/ai-drug-design/"},{"id":"crispr-screens","kind":"technology","name":"CRISPR functional genomics","route":"/technologies/crispr-screens/"},{"id":"kras-inhibitors","kind":"technology","name":"KRAS & RAS inhibitors","route":"/technologies/kras-inhibitors/"},{"id":"pdx-models","kind":"technology","name":"Patient-derived xenografts","route":"/technologies/pdx-models/"}],"target":[{"id":"kras","kind":"target","name":"KRAS","route":"/targets/kras/"},{"id":"tp53","kind":"target","name":"TP53","route":"/targets/tp53/"}],"institution":[{"id":"12-de-octubre","kind":"institution","name":"Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre","route":"/institutions/12-de-octubre/"},{"id":"aecc","kind":"institution","name":"Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC)","route":"/institutions/aecc/"},{"id":"vall-dhebron","kind":"institution","name":"Vall d'Hebron University Hospital / VHIO","route":"/institutions/vall-dhebron/"}],"term":[{"id":"oncogene-addiction","kind":"term","name":"Oncogene addiction","route":"/terms/oncogene-addiction/"}],"person":[{"id":"fernando-pelaez","kind":"person","name":"Fernando Peláez","route":"/people/fernando-pelaez/"}],"bottleneck":[{"id":"b-undruggable-targets","kind":"bottleneck","name":"The undruggable drivers","route":"/bottlenecks/b-undruggable-targets/"}]}}