{"entity":{"id":"cladribine","kind":"drug","name":"Cladribine","aka":[],"tldr":"A one-week infusion that puts most people with hairy cell leukaemia into remission for years; also used in multiple sclerosis in tablet form.","summary":"Piro et al. (NEJM 1990) reported durable complete remissions in hairy cell leukaemia from a single 7-day course; approved 1993. Also used in mastocytosis, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Waldenström and AML regimens (CLAG-M). Prolonged CD4 lymphopenia and infection risk; adding rituximab increases MRD-negative remission.","status":"approved","asOf":"2026-09-08","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cladribine","links":[{"label":"Label (DailyMed)","url":"https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/search.cfm?labeltype=all&query=cladribine%20injection"}],"tags":["gap-fill","generic"],"related":[],"cancers":["hairy-cell-leukemia","waldenstrom","rosai-dorfman-disease","advanced-systemic-mastocytosis","lch-multisystem"],"sections":[],"technologies":["cytotoxic-chemotherapy"],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":["johnson-johnson"],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":["nct00136084","nct00718549","nct02072811"],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"brand":"Leustatin / Litak","modality":"Purine nucleoside analogue","mechanism":"2-chlorodeoxyadenosine resists adenosine deaminase, accumulates as triphosphate in lymphocytes with high deoxycytidine kinase, and induces apoptosis in dividing and resting cells.","approvals":[{"region":"US","year":1993,"indication":"Active hairy cell leukaemia"},{"region":"EU","year":2004,"indication":"Hairy cell leukaemia (Litak, subcutaneous)"}],"mechanismSteps":[],"toxicity":[],"access":[],"regulatoryEvents":[]},"route":"/drugs/cladribine/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"advanced-systemic-mastocytosis","kind":"cancer","name":"Advanced systemic mastocytosis (aggressive SM, SM with an associated haematological neoplasm, mast cell leukaemia)","route":"/cancers/advanced-systemic-mastocytosis/"},{"id":"erdheim-chester-disease","kind":"cancer","name":"Erdheim-Chester disease","route":"/cancers/erdheim-chester-disease/"},{"id":"histiocytoses","kind":"cancer","name":"Erdheim-Chester disease, Rosai-Dorfman disease and other histiocytic neoplasms","route":"/cancers/histiocytoses/"},{"id":"hairy-cell-leukemia","kind":"cancer","name":"Hairy cell leukaemia","route":"/cancers/hairy-cell-leukemia/"},{"id":"indolent-systemic-mastocytosis","kind":"cancer","name":"Indolent and smouldering systemic mastocytosis","route":"/cancers/indolent-systemic-mastocytosis/"},{"id":"langerhans-cell-histiocytosis","kind":"cancer","name":"Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH)","route":"/cancers/langerhans-cell-histiocytosis/"},{"id":"lch-multisystem","kind":"cancer","name":"Multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis (with or without risk-organ involvement)","route":"/cancers/lch-multisystem/"},{"id":"rosai-dorfman-disease","kind":"cancer","name":"Rosai-Dorfman-Destombes disease","route":"/cancers/rosai-dorfman-disease/"},{"id":"lch-single-system","kind":"cancer","name":"Single-system Langerhans cell histiocytosis (bone, skin or one other organ)","route":"/cancers/lch-single-system/"},{"id":"systemic-mastocytosis","kind":"cancer","name":"Systemic mastocytosis","route":"/cancers/systemic-mastocytosis/"},{"id":"waldenstrom","kind":"cancer","name":"Waldenström macroglobulinaemia","route":"/cancers/waldenstrom/"}],"technology":[{"id":"cytotoxic-chemotherapy","kind":"technology","name":"Cytotoxic chemotherapy","route":"/technologies/cytotoxic-chemotherapy/"}],"company":[{"id":"johnson-johnson","kind":"company","name":"Johnson & Johnson","route":"/companies/johnson-johnson/"}],"trial":[{"id":"nct00718549","kind":"trial","name":"A Study to Assess the Effect of Maintenance Treatment With Rituximab Versus No Treatment in Participants With Progressive B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)","route":"/trials/nct00718549/"},{"id":"nct02205762","kind":"trial","name":"LCH-IV, International Collaborative Treatment Protocol for Children and Adolescents With Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis","route":"/trials/nct02205762/"},{"id":"nct02072811","kind":"trial","name":"Role of the Therapy Tailored to Risk Factors in Treating Adult Patients (≤60) With Acute Myeloid Leukemia","route":"/trials/nct02072811/"},{"id":"nct00136084","kind":"trial","name":"Treatment of Patients With Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia or Myelodysplasia","route":"/trials/nct00136084/"}],"term":[{"id":"lymphoma-tx-pjp-and-infection-prophylaxis","kind":"term","name":"Infection prophylaxis in lymphoma: PJP, herpes, fungal risk and vaccination","route":"/terms/lymphoma-tx-pjp-and-infection-prophylaxis/"}],"drug":[{"id":"pentostatin","kind":"drug","name":"Pentostatin","route":"/drugs/pentostatin/"}],"paper":[{"id":"paper-rosai-dorfman-destombes-consensus-recommendations-blood-2018","kind":"paper","name":"Consensus recommendations for the diagnosis and clinical management of Rosai-Dorfman-Destombes disease","route":"/key-papers/paper-rosai-dorfman-destombes-consensus-recommendations-blood-2018/"}]}}