{"entity":{"id":"charles-perou","kind":"person","name":"Charles M. Perou","aka":[],"tldr":"Defined the molecular subtypes of breast cancer (luminal, HER2-enriched, basal-like) that clinicians now use every day.","summary":"Charles Perou led the 2000 Nature paper that used expression profiling to divide breast cancer into intrinsic subtypes, the classification that introduced basal-like disease and underpins triple-negative research. He developed the PAM50 assay that became Prosigna and co-led the TCGA breast cancer analysis. His lab continues to map breast tumour heterogeneity and immune microenvironments.","asOf":"2026-09-10","links":[{"label":"PubMed","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Perou%20CM%5BAuthor%5D%20breast%20subtypes"}],"tags":["breast","genomics","classification"],"related":[],"cancers":["tnbc","breast-hr-positive","breast-her2-positive"],"sections":[],"technologies":["rna-seq","companion-diagnostic"],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":["unc-lineberger"],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":["paper-tcga-pancancer-atlas-cell-2018"],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"role":"Professor of Genetics and Pathology, UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center","institutionId":"unc-lineberger","specialisms":["Breast cancer genomics","Intrinsic subtypes","PAM50","Tumour classification"],"profiles":[{"label":"PubMed","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Perou%20CM%5BAuthor%5D%20breast%20subtypes"}],"papers":[{"title":"Molecular portraits of human breast tumours","journal":"Nature","year":2000,"doi":"10.1038/35021093"},{"title":"Supervised risk predictor of breast cancer based on intrinsic subtypes (PAM50)","journal":"JCO","year":2009,"doi":"10.1200/JCO.2008.18.1370"},{"title":"Comprehensive molecular portraits of human breast tumours","journal":"Nature","year":2012,"doi":"10.1038/nature11412"},{"title":"TCGA Pan-Cancer Atlas: 10,000 tumours across 33 cancer types, classified by molecular features","journal":"Cell","year":2018,"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2018.03.022","doi":"10.1016/j.cell.2018.03.022"}]},"route":"/people/charles-perou/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"breast-her2-positive","kind":"cancer","name":"HER2-positive breast cancer","route":"/cancers/breast-her2-positive/"},{"id":"breast-hr-positive","kind":"cancer","name":"HR-positive / HER2-negative breast cancer","route":"/cancers/breast-hr-positive/"},{"id":"tnbc","kind":"cancer","name":"Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)","route":"/cancers/tnbc/"}],"technology":[{"id":"companion-diagnostic","kind":"technology","name":"Companion diagnostics","route":"/technologies/companion-diagnostic/"},{"id":"rna-seq","kind":"technology","name":"RNA sequencing & expression profiling","route":"/technologies/rna-seq/"}],"institution":[{"id":"unc-lineberger","kind":"institution","name":"UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center","route":"/institutions/unc-lineberger/"}],"paper":[{"id":"paper-tcga-breast-molecular-portraits-nature-2012","kind":"paper","name":"Comprehensive molecular portraits of human breast tumours","route":"/key-papers/paper-tcga-breast-molecular-portraits-nature-2012/"},{"id":"paper-sorlie-breast-carcinoma-subclasses-pnas-2001","kind":"paper","name":"Gene expression patterns of breast carcinomas distinguish tumor subclasses with clinical implications","route":"/key-papers/paper-sorlie-breast-carcinoma-subclasses-pnas-2001/"},{"id":"paper-sikov-calgb-40603-carboplatin-bevacizumab-jco-2015","kind":"paper","name":"Impact of the addition of carboplatin and/or bevacizumab to neoadjuvant once-per-week paclitaxel followed by dose-dense doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide on pathologic complete response rates in stage II to III triple-negative breast cancer: CALGB 40603 (Alliance)","route":"/key-papers/paper-sikov-calgb-40603-carboplatin-bevacizumab-jco-2015/"},{"id":"paper-perou-molecular-portraits-breast-tumours-nature-2000","kind":"paper","name":"Molecular portraits of human breast tumours","route":"/key-papers/paper-perou-molecular-portraits-breast-tumours-nature-2000/"},{"id":"paper-carey-race-breast-cancer-subtypes-cbcs-jama-2006","kind":"paper","name":"Race, breast cancer subtypes, and survival in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study","route":"/key-papers/paper-carey-race-breast-cancer-subtypes-cbcs-jama-2006/"},{"id":"paper-sorlie-repeated-observation-subtypes-brca1-basal-pnas-2003","kind":"paper","name":"Repeated observation of breast tumor subtypes in independent gene expression data sets","route":"/key-papers/paper-sorlie-repeated-observation-subtypes-brca1-basal-pnas-2003/"},{"id":"paper-tcga-pancancer-atlas-cell-2018","kind":"paper","name":"TCGA Pan-Cancer Atlas: 10,000 tumours across 33 cancer types, classified by molecular features","route":"/key-papers/paper-tcga-pancancer-atlas-cell-2018/"},{"id":"paper-herschkowitz-rb1-loss-basal-like-bcr-2008","kind":"paper","name":"The functional loss of the retinoblastoma tumour suppressor is a common event in basal-like and luminal B breast carcinomas","route":"/key-papers/paper-herschkowitz-rb1-loss-basal-like-bcr-2008/"}],"roadmap":[{"id":"tnbc-roadmap","kind":"roadmap","name":"Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem","route":"/roadmaps/tnbc-roadmap/"}]}}