{"entity":{"id":"aya-oncology","kind":"term","name":"Adolescent and young adult (AYA) oncology","aka":[],"tldr":"Cancer in people aged 15-39, about 90,000 US cases a year, with a distinct mix of cancers, slower survival improvement than children or older adults, and specific needs: fertility, education and work, psychosocial support and trial access.","summary":"AYA cancers include lymphoma, thyroid, testicular, melanoma, breast, colorectal (rising sharply in under-50s), sarcomas, leukaemia and CNS tumours. Survival gains lagged for decades (the 'AYA gap') because of low trial enrolment, delayed diagnosis, biology (e.g. Ph-like ALL, worse-prognosis sarcoma subtypes) and care fragmented between paediatric and adult systems; paediatric-inspired ALL regimens in AYAs improved survival (CALGB 10403). Dedicated AYA programmes (Teenage Cancer Trust UK, NCI AYA Oncology Progress Review Group 2006, COG/NCTN AYA committee) address fertility preservation, psychosocial care, financial toxicity, survivorship and age-appropriate environments. Early-onset colorectal and breast cancer incidence increases are a current research priority.","asOf":"2026-09-08","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolescent_and_young_adult_oncology","links":[{"label":"NCI AYA cancers","url":"https://www.cancer.gov/types/aya"},{"label":"Teenage Cancer Trust","url":"https://www.teenagecancertrust.org/"},{"label":"CALGB 10403 (Blood 2019)","url":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-10-881961"}],"tags":["gap-fill"],"related":["aya-cancers","testicular","ewing-sarcoma","osteosarcoma","hodgkin-lymphoma","all-leukemia","colorectal","fertility-preservation","survivorship-care-plan"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":["cancer-in-pregnancy"],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":["paper-stock-blood"],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"category":"Epidemiology & prevention"},"route":"/terms/aya-oncology/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"all-leukemia","kind":"cancer","name":"Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia","route":"/cancers/all-leukemia/"},{"id":"aya-cancers","kind":"cancer","name":"Adolescent and young adult cancers (ages 15 to 39)","route":"/cancers/aya-cancers/"},{"id":"colorectal","kind":"cancer","name":"Colorectal cancer","route":"/cancers/colorectal/"},{"id":"ewing-sarcoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Ewing sarcoma","route":"/cancers/ewing-sarcoma/"},{"id":"paediatric-germ-cell-tumours","kind":"cancer","name":"Germ cell tumours of childhood and adolescence (extracranial and CNS)","route":"/cancers/paediatric-germ-cell-tumours/"},{"id":"hodgkin-lymphoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Hodgkin lymphoma","route":"/cancers/hodgkin-lymphoma/"},{"id":"osteosarcoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Osteosarcoma","route":"/cancers/osteosarcoma/"},{"id":"rare-childhood-cancers","kind":"cancer","name":"Rare cancers of childhood (NCI PDQ umbrella)","route":"/cancers/rare-childhood-cancers/"},{"id":"testicular","kind":"cancer","name":"Testicular germ cell tumours","route":"/cancers/testicular/"}],"technology":[{"id":"fertility-preservation","kind":"technology","name":"Oncofertility and fertility preservation","route":"/technologies/fertility-preservation/"},{"id":"ovarian-function-after-chemotherapy","kind":"technology","name":"Ovarian function after chemotherapy: who recovers, and when","route":"/technologies/ovarian-function-after-chemotherapy/"},{"id":"survivorship-care-plan","kind":"technology","name":"Survivorship care and late-effects surveillance","route":"/technologies/survivorship-care-plan/"},{"id":"rejuv-access-fertility-preservation","kind":"technology","name":"Who gets told about fertility before treatment, and who does not","route":"/technologies/rejuv-access-fertility-preservation/"},{"id":"rejuv-access-who-misses-out","kind":"technology","name":"Who misses out on recovery care, measured","route":"/technologies/rejuv-access-who-misses-out/"}],"term":[{"id":"cancer-in-pregnancy","kind":"term","name":"Cancer during pregnancy","route":"/terms/cancer-in-pregnancy/"},{"id":"late-effects","kind":"term","name":"Late effects and survivorship toxicity","route":"/terms/late-effects/"}],"paper":[{"id":"paper-stock-blood","kind":"paper","name":"A pediatric regimen for older adolescents and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: results of CALGB 10403","route":"/key-papers/paper-stock-blood/"}],"person":[{"id":"chadwick-boseman","kind":"person","name":"Chadwick Boseman","route":"/people/chadwick-boseman/"},{"id":"deborah-james","kind":"person","name":"Dame Deborah James","route":"/people/deborah-james/"},{"id":"kris-hallenga","kind":"person","name":"Kris Hallenga","route":"/people/kris-hallenga/"},{"id":"lance-armstrong","kind":"person","name":"Lance Armstrong","route":"/people/lance-armstrong/"},{"id":"stephen-sutton","kind":"person","name":"Stephen Sutton","route":"/people/stephen-sutton/"},{"id":"terry-fox","kind":"person","name":"Terry Fox","route":"/people/terry-fox/"}],"collection":[{"id":"colorectal-cancer-alliance","kind":"collection","name":"Colorectal Cancer Alliance","route":"/collections/colorectal-cancer-alliance/"}],"institution":[{"id":"teenage-cancer-trust","kind":"institution","name":"Teenage Cancer Trust","route":"/institutions/teenage-cancer-trust/"}]}}