{"entity":{"id":"allogeneic-transplant","kind":"term","name":"Allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-SCT)","aka":["allo-SCT","alloSCT","allo-HSCT","alloHCT","HSCT","HCT","allogeneic transplant","allogeneic transplantation","allogeneic stem cell transplantation","allogeneic HSCT","allogeneic","donor transplant","bone marrow transplant","BMT","haploidentical","haplo","matched sibling donor","matched unrelated donor","MUD","cord blood transplant","post-transplant cyclophosphamide","PTCy","donor lymphocyte infusion","DLI","transplant-eligible","transplant-ineligible"],"tldr":"Replacing a patient's blood system with a donor's: chemotherapy wipes out the marrow, donor stem cells rebuild it, and the donor's immune cells hunt down leftover leukaemia. It is the only cure for adverse-risk or relapsed AML, high-risk ALL, MDS and myelofibrosis, and the riskiest treatment in oncology because of graft-versus-host disease and infection.","summary":"Used for adverse-risk or relapsed AML, high-risk ALL and MDS, myelofibrosis and some lymphomas. Donors are HLA-matched siblings, matched unrelated donors from registries, haploidentical relatives (now safe with post-transplant cyclophosphamide) or cord blood. Conditioning is myeloablative or reduced-intensity depending on age and fitness. The graft-versus-leukaemia effect is the cure mechanism; graft-versus-host disease, infection and organ toxicity are the price, with treatment-related mortality of 10-25%. MRD-guided transplant decisions, CAR-T bridging and maintenance drugs after transplant (FLT3 inhibitors, azacitidine) are refining who needs it.","asOf":"2026-09-09","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hematopoietic_stem_cell_transplantation","links":[{"label":"Wikipedia","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hematopoietic_stem_cell_transplantation"}],"tags":[],"related":["conditioning-regimen","gvhd","autologous-transplant","umrd"],"cancers":["aml","all-leukemia"],"sections":["cell-therapy"],"technologies":["allogeneic-cell-therapy"],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"category":"Treatment jargon"},"route":"/terms/allogeneic-transplant/","neighbours":{"term":[{"id":"seven-plus-three","kind":"term","name":"7+3 induction chemotherapy","route":"/terms/seven-plus-three/"},{"id":"aml-myelodysplasia-related","kind":"term","name":"AML with myelodysplasia-related gene mutations (AML-MR)","route":"/terms/aml-myelodysplasia-related/"},{"id":"autologous-transplant","kind":"term","name":"Autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT)","route":"/terms/autologous-transplant/"},{"id":"conditioning-regimen","kind":"term","name":"Conditioning regimen (myeloablative, reduced-intensity)","route":"/terms/conditioning-regimen/"},{"id":"dipss-mipss70","kind":"term","name":"DIPSS, DIPSS-plus and MIPSS70 (myelofibrosis risk scores)","route":"/terms/dipss-mipss70/"},{"id":"gvhd","kind":"term","name":"Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and graft-versus-leukaemia","route":"/terms/gvhd/"},{"id":"ipss-m-ipss-r","kind":"term","name":"IPSS-R and IPSS-M (myelodysplastic syndrome risk scores)","route":"/terms/ipss-m-ipss-r/"},{"id":"lymphoma-tx-transplant-role","kind":"term","name":"Stem cell transplant in lymphoma: what it is still for","route":"/terms/lymphoma-tx-transplant-role/"},{"id":"umrd","kind":"term","name":"Undetectable MRD (uMRD / MRD-negative)","route":"/terms/umrd/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"all-leukemia","kind":"cancer","name":"Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia","route":"/cancers/all-leukemia/"},{"id":"aml","kind":"cancer","name":"Acute myeloid leukaemia","route":"/cancers/aml/"},{"id":"cml-advanced-phase","kind":"cancer","name":"Chronic myeloid leukaemia, accelerated and blast phase","route":"/cancers/cml-advanced-phase/"},{"id":"hepatosplenic-t-cell-lymphoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma","route":"/cancers/hepatosplenic-t-cell-lymphoma/"},{"id":"mds-higher-risk","kind":"cancer","name":"Higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes","route":"/cancers/mds-higher-risk/"},{"id":"mixed-phenotype-acute-leukaemia","kind":"cancer","name":"Mixed-phenotype acute leukaemia","route":"/cancers/mixed-phenotype-acute-leukaemia/"},{"id":"post-transplant-lymphoproliferative-disorder","kind":"cancer","name":"Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD)","route":"/cancers/post-transplant-lymphoproliferative-disorder/"},{"id":"primary-myelofibrosis","kind":"cancer","name":"Primary myelofibrosis","route":"/cancers/primary-myelofibrosis/"},{"id":"sezary-syndrome","kind":"cancer","name":"Sezary syndrome","route":"/cancers/sezary-syndrome/"},{"id":"splenic-b-cell-lymphoma-leukaemia-prominent-nucleoli","kind":"cancer","name":"Splenic B-cell lymphoma/leukaemia with prominent nucleoli (formerly B-cell prolymphocytic leukaemia and hairy cell leukaemia variant)","route":"/cancers/splenic-b-cell-lymphoma-leukaemia-prominent-nucleoli/"},{"id":"t-cell-prolymphocytic-leukaemia","kind":"cancer","name":"T-cell prolymphocytic leukaemia","route":"/cancers/t-cell-prolymphocytic-leukaemia/"}],"section":[{"id":"cell-therapy","kind":"section","name":"Cell Therapy","route":"/fronts/cell-therapy/"}],"technology":[{"id":"allogeneic-cell-therapy","kind":"technology","name":"Allogeneic (off-the-shelf) cell therapy","route":"/technologies/allogeneic-cell-therapy/"},{"id":"rejuv-paed-fertility-male","kind":"technology","name":"Fertility in boys and young men treated for cancer, including testicular tissue banking","route":"/technologies/rejuv-paed-fertility-male/"},{"id":"rejuv-paed-fertility-female","kind":"technology","name":"Fertility in girls and young women treated for cancer, including ovarian tissue freezing","route":"/technologies/rejuv-paed-fertility-female/"}],"person":[{"id":"huang-xiaojun","kind":"person","name":"Xiaojun Huang","route":"/people/huang-xiaojun/"}],"trial":[{"id":"msb-gvhd001","kind":"trial","name":"MSB-GVHD001","route":"/trials/msb-gvhd001/"},{"id":"rockstar","kind":"trial","name":"ROCKstar","route":"/trials/rockstar/"},{"id":"study-2005-01","kind":"trial","name":"Study 2005-01","route":"/trials/study-2005-01/"}],"paper":[{"id":"paper-msb-gvhd001-bbmt-2020","kind":"paper","name":"A phase 3, single-arm, prospective study of remestemcel-L, ex vivo culture-expanded adult human mesenchymal stromal cells for the treatment of pediatric patients who failed to respond to steroid treatment for acute graft-versus-host disease","route":"/key-papers/paper-msb-gvhd001-bbmt-2020/"},{"id":"paper-rockstar-blood-2021","kind":"paper","name":"Belumosudil for chronic graft-versus-host disease after 2 or more prior lines of therapy: the ROCKstar Study","route":"/key-papers/paper-rockstar-blood-2021/"},{"id":"paper-defibrotide-2005-01-blood-2016","kind":"paper","name":"Phase 3 trial of defibrotide for the treatment of severe veno-occlusive disease and multi-organ failure","route":"/key-papers/paper-defibrotide-2005-01-blood-2016/"}],"company":[{"id":"adienne","kind":"company","name":"Adienne Pharma & Biotech","route":"/companies/adienne/"},{"id":"neovii","kind":"company","name":"Neovii","route":"/companies/neovii/"}]}}