{"entity":{"id":"active-surveillance-term","kind":"term","name":"Active surveillance and observation","aka":["active surveillance","watchful waiting","expectant management","surveillance MRI","imaging surveillance","surveillance imaging","wait-and-see","surveillance strategy","post-treatment surveillance","follow-up imaging"],"tldr":"Deliberately not treating a cancer yet, but checking it regularly with blood tests, scans or biopsies and treating only if it shows signs of progressing. Standard for low-risk prostate cancer, small kidney masses and several other slow conditions.","summary":"Active surveillance avoids or defers the harms of treatment for cancers unlikely to cause trouble: Grade Group 1 prostate cancer (ProtecT showed no survival penalty at 15 years), small renal masses, papillary thyroid microcarcinoma, low-risk DCIS (COMET), smouldering myeloma and early-stage CLL, and stage I testicular cancer after orchiectomy. It differs from watchful waiting, which forgoes curative intent. 'Surveillance' also describes the scheduled follow-up after curative treatment (CT, ctDNA, MRI in small-cell lung cancer instead of prophylactic cranial irradiation), and after complete response in organ-preservation strategies (SANO in oesophageal cancer).","asOf":"2026-09-09","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_surveillance_of_prostate_cancer","links":[{"label":"Wikipedia","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_surveillance_of_prostate_cancer"}],"tags":[],"related":["active-surveillance","gleason-grade-group","dcis","smoldering-myeloma","organ-preservation","watchful-waiting","cambridge-prognostic-group"],"cancers":["prostate","rcc","thyroid","cll"],"sections":["diagnostics"],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":["watchful-waiting","cambridge-prognostic-group","percentage-gleason-pattern-4"],"trials":["protect","sano"],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"category":"Treatment jargon"},"route":"/terms/active-surveillance-term/","neighbours":{"technology":[{"id":"active-surveillance","kind":"technology","name":"Active surveillance","route":"/technologies/active-surveillance/"}],"term":[{"id":"cambridge-prognostic-group","kind":"term","name":"Cambridge Prognostic Group (CPG 1 to 5)","route":"/terms/cambridge-prognostic-group/"},{"id":"prostate-treatment-choice-localised","kind":"term","name":"Choosing treatment for localised prostate cancer: what each option costs","route":"/terms/prostate-treatment-choice-localised/"},{"id":"cribriform-prostate-cancer","kind":"term","name":"Cribriform growth pattern in prostate cancer","route":"/terms/cribriform-prostate-cancer/"},{"id":"dcis","kind":"term","name":"Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)","route":"/terms/dcis/"},{"id":"prostate-focal-therapy","kind":"term","name":"Focal and tissue-preserving treatment of prostate cancer","route":"/terms/prostate-focal-therapy/"},{"id":"gleason-grade-group","kind":"term","name":"Gleason score / Grade Group","route":"/terms/gleason-grade-group/"},{"id":"organ-preservation","kind":"term","name":"Organ preservation (watch-and-wait, bladder-sparing, larynx preservation)","route":"/terms/organ-preservation/"},{"id":"overtreatment","kind":"term","name":"Overtreatment","route":"/terms/overtreatment/"},{"id":"percentage-gleason-pattern-4","kind":"term","name":"Percentage of Gleason pattern 4","route":"/terms/percentage-gleason-pattern-4/"},{"id":"psa-density","kind":"term","name":"PSA density","route":"/terms/psa-density/"},{"id":"psa-kinetics","kind":"term","name":"PSA kinetics: PSA doubling time and PSA density","route":"/terms/psa-kinetics/"},{"id":"smoldering-myeloma","kind":"term","name":"Smouldering myeloma / MGUS","route":"/terms/smoldering-myeloma/"},{"id":"watchful-waiting","kind":"term","name":"Watchful waiting, and how it differs from active surveillance","route":"/terms/watchful-waiting/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"cll","kind":"cancer","name":"Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia","route":"/cancers/cll/"},{"id":"prostate","kind":"cancer","name":"Prostate cancer","route":"/cancers/prostate/"},{"id":"rcc","kind":"cancer","name":"Renal cell carcinoma","route":"/cancers/rcc/"},{"id":"thyroid","kind":"cancer","name":"Thyroid cancer","route":"/cancers/thyroid/"}],"section":[{"id":"diagnostics","kind":"section","name":"Diagnostics & Biomarkers","route":"/fronts/diagnostics/"}],"trial":[{"id":"pivot","kind":"trial","name":"PIVOT (Prostate Cancer Intervention Versus Observation Trial)","route":"/trials/pivot/"},{"id":"protect","kind":"trial","name":"ProtecT","route":"/trials/protect/"},{"id":"sano","kind":"trial","name":"SANO","route":"/trials/sano/"},{"id":"spcg-4","kind":"trial","name":"SPCG-4 (Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group Study 4)","route":"/trials/spcg-4/"}],"drug":[{"id":"oncotype-dx-gps","kind":"drug","name":"Oncotype DX Genomic Prostate Score","route":"/drugs/oncotype-dx-gps/"},{"id":"padeliporfin","kind":"drug","name":"Padeliporfin","route":"/drugs/padeliporfin/"},{"id":"prolaris","kind":"drug","name":"Prolaris","route":"/drugs/prolaris/"}]}}