# PLCG1

Source: https://onco.cc/targets/plcg1/  
OnCo record `plcg1` (Target). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

PLCG1 (1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1) is a gene that drives cell growth when it is altered. The public catalogues list it as an oncogene driver and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Sarcomas, Renal cell carcinoma, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and 5 more.

## Summary

Mediates the production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). Plays an important role in the regulation of intracellular signalling cascades. Becomes activated in response to ligand-mediated activation of receptor-type tyrosine kinases, such as PDGFRA, PDGFRB, EGFR, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4.

CIViC holds 1 clinical evidence item and 0 assertions across 1 variant. Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.79 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.95, affected pathway 0.97, genetic association 0.17, somatic mutation 0.91). IntOGen calls it a driver in 4 cohorts (4 activating, 0 loss-of-function), covering Angiosarcoma, Low-Grade Glioma, NOS, Renal Cell Carcinoma, Soft Tissue.

## Fields

- Kind: Target
- Last checked: 2026-09-23
- Also known as: phospholipase C gamma 1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1; PLC148; PLC-II; PLCgamma1; NCKAP3; PLC1
- Tags: cancer-genes-wave
- Symbol: PLCG1
- Class: oncogene
- Biology: Mediates the production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). Plays an important role in the regulation of intracellular signalling cascades. Becomes activated in response to ligand-mediated activation of receptor-type tyrosine kinases, such as PDGFRA, PDGFRB, EGFR, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Plays a role in actin reorganisation and cell migration. Guanine nucleotide exchange factor that binds the GTPase DNM1 and catalyses the dissociation of GDP, allowing a GTP molecule to bind in its place, therefore enhancing DNM1-dependent endocytosis. Location: Cell projection, lamellipodium; Cell projection, ruffle (UniProt). Locus 20q12 (HGNC).
- Where found: Sarcomas: Open Targets association 0.58 with sarcoma (MONDO_0005089); IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (SOFT_TISSUE); Renal cell carcinoma: IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (RCC); Non-Hodgkin lymphoma: Open Targets association 0.56 with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (MONDO_0018908); Skin cancer: Open Targets association 0.55 with skin cancer (MONDO_0002898); Leukaemia: Open Targets association 0.52 with leukaemia (MONDO_0005059); Gastric & gastro-oesophageal junction cancer: Open Targets association 0.50 with gastric cancer (MONDO_0001056)

## Notes

- Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: IntOGen calls it an activating (Act) driver in 4 cohorts; CIViC holds 1 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier "clinical-evidence" is the strongest of those signals.
- Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.
- Diseases the sources name that have no OnCo cancer page yet, so they are not linked: Adult T-cell Leukaemia/lymphoma; Low-Grade Glioma, NOS.
- Lymphoma, HTLV-1, Tax and HBZ: Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 integrates into the genome of a CD4 T cell and expresses Tax, which switches on NF-kB and interferes with the DNA-damage response and the spindle checkpoint, and HBZ, encoded on the opposite strand, which is retained when Tax expression is switched off under immune pressure. The host genome then acquires the rest of the lesions, and they are not random: the alterations found across 426 cases overlap significantly with the proteins Tax itself binds, and are concentrated in T-cell receptor and NF-kB signalling, T-cell trafficking and immune surveillance, with activating mutations in PLCG1, PRKCB, CARD11, VAV1, IRF4, FYN, CCR4 and CCR7, CTLA4-CD28 and ICOS-CD28 fusions, and intragenic deletions of IKZF2, CARD11 and TP73 (Kataoka 2015). Frequency: Across 426 adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma cases analysed by whole-genome, exome, transcriptome and targeted sequencing with copy-number and methylation arrays (Kataoka 2015). Most people infected with HTLV-1 never develop the disease, and the latency between infection, usually in infancy through breastfeeding, and the leukaemia is measured in decades. What it changes about treatment: The CCR4 finding is the practical one: CCR4 is both frequently expressed and frequently mutated, and mogamulizumab is used in this disease. The virus itself is not a drug target, and antiretroviral treatment does not cure the leukaemia.

## Sources

- HGNC HGNC:9065: https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:9065
- UniProt P19174: https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P19174/entry
- NCBI Gene 5335: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5335
- Ensembl ENSG00000124181: https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000124181
- Kataoka et al., Nat Genet 2015: integrated molecular analysis of 426 adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma cases: https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.3415

## Connected records

- collections: [CIViC](https://onco.cc/collections/civic/), [IntOGen](https://onco.cc/collections/intogen/), [Open Targets Platform](https://onco.cc/collections/open-targets/)
- cancers: [Angiosarcoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/angiosarcoma/), [Gastric & gastro-oesophageal junction cancer](https://onco.cc/cancers/gastric/), [Leukaemia (all types)](https://onco.cc/cancers/leukaemia/), [Melanoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/melanoma/), [Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (all types)](https://onco.cc/cancers/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/), [Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (including cutaneous T-cell lymphoma)](https://onco.cc/cancers/peripheral-t-cell-lymphoma/), [Renal cell carcinoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/rcc/), [Sarcomas (soft tissue, bone, GIST)](https://onco.cc/cancers/sarcoma/), [Skin cancer (all types)](https://onco.cc/cancers/skin-cancer/)
- pathways: [Inflammation & NF-κB](https://onco.cc/pathways/inflammation-nfkb/), [Oncogenic viruses](https://onco.cc/pathways/oncogenic-viruses/)
- terms: [HTLV-1, Tax and HBZ in adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma](https://onco.cc/terms/lymphoma-bio-htlv1/)

---
JSON: https://onco.cc/api/v1/entities/plcg1.json