# The Lancet Oncology

Source: https://onco.cc/journals/lancet-oncology/  
OnCo record `lancet-oncology` (Journal). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

The Lancet Oncology is the leading specialist cancer journal for clinical trials. It publishes phase 2 and 3 trials, long-term follow-up, quality-of-life analyses and global-oncology policy Commissions.

## Summary

The Lancet Oncology appears monthly plus online-first and publishes a large share of randomised oncology trials that do not go to NEJM, with particular strength in radiotherapy, surgery, supportive care and health-system studies (IBIS-I tamoxifen prevention, MASAI AI mammography, GAP70 geriatric assessment in this corpus). Its Commissions and Series drive policy debates on drug pricing, radiotherapy access and cancer in low-income countries. Elsevier hybrid model; abstracts free.

## Fields

- Kind: Journal
- Last checked: 2026-09-09
- Also known as: Lancet Oncol; src-lancet-oncology
- Publisher: Elsevier
- Scope: clinical oncology
- Access: hybrid

## Notes

- Holds: Phase 2 and 3 trials, meta-analyses, global oncology policy and the ESMO-aligned commentaries. Access: Paywalled; abstracts free.

## Sources

- Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Lancet_Oncology
- Lancet Oncology Commissions: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanonc/commissions

## Connected records

- collections: [PubMed & Europe PMC](https://onco.cc/collections/pubmed-europepmc/)
- key papers: [[ 89 Zr]Zr-girentuximab for PET-CT imaging of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma: a prospective, open-label, multicentre, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-shuch-lancet-oncol/), [5-year analysis of neoadjuvant pertuzumab and trastuzumab in patients with locally advanced, inflammatory, or early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer (NeoSphere): a multicentre, open-label, phase 2 randomised trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-neosphere-lancet-oncol-2016-update/), [70-gene signature as an aid for treatment decisions in early breast cancer: updated results of the phase 3 randomised MINDACT trial with an exploratory analysis by age](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-piccart-lancet-oncol/), [A subtype of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia with poor outcome: genome-wide classification study (BCR-ABL1-like ALL)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-den-boer-bcr-abl1-like-all-lancet-oncol-2009/), [Abemaciclib plus abiraterone in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CYCLONE 2): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nct03706365-lancet-oncol-2025/), [Abemaciclib plus endocrine therapy for hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative, node-positive, high-risk early breast cancer (monarchE): results from a preplanned interim analysis of a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-monarche-lancet-oncol-2023/), [Abiraterone acetate for treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: final overall survival analysis of the COU-AA-301 randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-abiraterone-acetate-prostate-lancet-oncol-2012/), [Abiraterone acetate plus prednisolone with or without enzalutamide for patients with metastatic prostate cancer starting androgen deprivation therapy: final results from two randomised phase 3 trials of the STAMPEDE platform protocol](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-attard-lancet-oncol/), [Abiraterone acetate plus prednisone in patients with newly diagnosed high-risk metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (LATITUDE): final overall survival analysis of a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-latitude-lancet-oncol-2019-update/), [Abiraterone acetate plus prednisone versus placebo plus prednisone in chemotherapy-naive men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (COU-AA-302): final overall survival analysis of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-abiraterone-acetate-prostate-lancet-oncol-2015/), [ACT II: mitomycin or cisplatin chemoradiation with or without maintenance chemotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the anus](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-act-ii-anal-cancer-chemoradiation-lancet-oncol-2013/), [Addition of the PARP inhibitor veliparib plus carboplatin or carboplatin alone to standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer (BrighTNess): a randomised, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-brightness-lancet-oncol-2018/), [Adebrelimab or placebo plus carboplatin and etoposide as first-line treatment for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (CAPSTONE-1): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-capstone-1-lancet-oncol-2022/), [Adjuvant nivolumab versus ipilimumab in resected stage IIIB-C and stage IV melanoma (CheckMate 238): 4-year results from a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-checkmate-238-lancet-oncol-2020-update/), [Adjuvant paclitaxel and trastuzumab for node-negative, HER2-positive breast cancer: final 10-year analysis of the open-label, single-arm, phase 2 APT trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-apt-trial-lancet-oncol-2023-update/), [Adjuvant pembrolizumab versus placebo in resected stage III melanoma (EORTC 1325-MG/KEYNOTE-054): distant metastasis-free survival results from a double-blind, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nct02362594-lancet-oncol-2021-update/), [Aglatimagene besadenovec (CAN-2409) with radiotherapy for patients with localised prostate cancer: a phase 3, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nct01436968-lancet-oncol-2026/), [Alcohol caused an estimated 741,000 cancers worldwide in 2020](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-alcohol-cancer-burden-lancet-oncol-2021/), [Anamorelin in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer and cachexia (ROMANA 1 and ROMANA 2): results from two randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trials](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-romana-1-2-lancet-oncol-2016/), [ANBL1221: irinotecan-temozolomide with temsirolimus or dinutuximab in relapsed or refractory neuroblastoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-anbl1221-irinotecan-temozolomide-dinutuximab-mody-lancet-oncol-2017/), [Anetumab ravtansine versus vinorelbine in patients with relapsed, mesothelin-positive malignant pleural mesothelioma (ARCS-M): a randomised, open-label phase 2 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-kindler-lancet-oncol/), [Angiosarcoma (review)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-young-angiosarcoma-review-lancet-oncol-2010/), [Apalutamide plus abiraterone acetate and prednisone versus placebo plus abiraterone and prednisone in metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer (ACIS): a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multinational, phase 3 study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nct02257736-lancet-oncol-2021/), [ARROW: pralsetinib for RET fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-arrow-pralsetinib-gainor-lancet-oncol-2021/), [ASPEN: everolimus versus sunitinib in metastatic non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-aspen-armstrong-lancet-oncol-2016/), [Atezolizumab plus nab-paclitaxel as first-line treatment for unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (IMpassion130): updated efficacy results from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-impassion130-lancet-oncol-2020-update/), [Atezolizumab with or without cobimetinib versus regorafenib in previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer (IMblaze370)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-eng-imblaze370-atezolizumab-cobimetinib-colorectal-lancet-oncol-2019/), [Aumolertinib as adjuvant therapy in resected EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (ARTS): a double-blind, multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nct04687241-lancet-oncol-2026/), [Aumolertinib with or without chemotherapy in EGFR-mutated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (AENEAS2): an open-label, multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nct04923906-lancet-oncol-2026/), [Avelumab in patients with chemotherapy-refractory metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma: a multicentre, single-group, open-label, phase 2 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-javelin-merkel-200-lancet-oncol-2016/), [Axicabtagene ciloleucel in relapsed or refractory indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (ZUMA-5): a single-arm, multicentre, phase 2 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-zuma-5-axi-cel-indolent-lymphoma-lancet-oncol-2022/), [AZA-001: azacitidine versus conventional care in higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-aza-001-fenaux-lancet-oncol-2009/), [BILCAP: capecitabine compared with observation in resected biliary tract cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-bilcap-lancet-oncol-2019/), [Biochemical and imaging surveillance in germline TP53 mutation carriers with Li-Fraumeni syndrome: 11 year follow-up of a prospective observational study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-villani-lancet-oncol/), [Biomarker-driven therapies for previously treated squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (Lung-MAP SWOG S1400): a biomarker-driven master protocol](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-redman-lancet-oncol/), [BOLT: two doses of sonidegib in locally advanced or metastatic basal cell carcinoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-bolt-sonidegib-migden-lancet-oncol-2015/), [Building a global consensus approach to chordoma: a position paper from the medical and patient community](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-stacchiotti-lancet-oncol/), [CA 19-9 tumour-marker response to chemotherapy in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer enrolled in a randomised controlled trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-hess-ca19-9-response-chemotherapy-lancet-oncol-2008/), [Cabozantinib in patients with advanced Ewing sarcoma or osteosarcoma (CABONE): a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-florence-duffaud-lancet-oncol-2020/), [Cabozantinib plus atezolizumab in metastatic prostate cancer (CONTACT-02): final analyses from a phase 3, open-label, randomised trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nct04446117-lancet-oncol-2025/), [Camizestrant, a next-generation oral SERD, versus fulvestrant in post-menopausal women with oestrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer (SERENA-2): a multi-dose, open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nct04214288-lancet-oncol-2024/), [Capmatinib in MET exon 14-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer: final results from the open-label, phase 2 GEOMETRY mono-1 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-geometry-mono-1-lancet-oncol-2024-update/), [CAPTAIN-1st: camrelizumab versus placebo with gemcitabine and cisplatin as first-line treatment for recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-captain-1st-camrelizumab-chemotherapy-npc-lancet-oncol-2021/), [Carcinogenicity of consumption of red and processed meat](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-bouvard-lancet-oncol/), [Carcinogenicity of drinking coffee, mate, and very hot beverages](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-loomis-lancet-oncol/), [Carcinogenicity of night shift work](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-iarc-monographs-vol-124-group-lancet-oncol/), [Cemiplimab in locally advanced basal cell carcinoma after hedgehog inhibitor therapy](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-cemiplimab-bcc-stratigos-lancet-oncol-2021/), [Cemiplimab in locally advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: results from an open-label, phase 2, single-arm trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-empower-cscc-1-lancet-oncol-2020/), [Characterisation and classification of oligometastatic disease: a European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology and European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer consensus recommendation](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-guckenberger-lancet-oncol/), [Chemotherapy de-escalation using an 18 F-FDG-PET-based pathological response-adapted strategy in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer (PHERGain): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, non-comparative, phase 2 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-phergain-lancet-oncol-2021/), [CHHiP: conventional versus hypofractionated high-dose intensity-modulated radiotherapy for prostate cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-chhip-lancet-oncol-2016/), [Circulating tumour DNA analysis to direct therapy in advanced breast cancer (plasmaMATCH): a multicentre, multicohort, phase 2a, platform trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-plasmamatch-lancet-oncol-2020/), [CLASSIC 5-year follow-up: adjuvant capecitabine plus oxaliplatin for gastric cancer after D2 gastrectomy](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-classic-5-year-follow-up-noh-lancet-oncol-2014/), [Clinical and molecular characteristics of HER2-low-positive breast cancer: pooled analysis of individual patient data from four prospective, neoadjuvant clinical trials](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-denkert-her2-low-pooled-neoadjuvant-lancet-oncol-2021/), [Cobimetinib combined with vemurafenib in advanced BRAF(V600)-mutant melanoma (coBRIM): updated efficacy results from a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-cobrim-lancet-oncol-2016-update/), [COLUMBUS: encorafenib plus binimetinib versus vemurafenib or encorafenib in BRAF-mutant melanoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-columbus-lancet-oncol-2018/), [Comparison of MAPIE versus MAP in patients with a poor response to preoperative chemotherapy for newly diagnosed high-grade osteosarcoma (EURAMOS-1): an open-label, international, randomised controlled trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-marina-lancet-oncol/), [Concurrent once-daily versus twice-daily chemoradiotherapy in patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (CONVERT): an open-label, phase 3, randomised, superiority trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-convert-lancet-oncol-2017/), [Cytoreductive surgery plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy versus cytoreductive surgery alone for colorectal peritoneal metastases (PRODIGE 7)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-quenet-prodige-7-hipec-peritoneal-colorectal-lancet-oncol-2021/), [Dabrafenib plus trametinib in patients with BRAF V600E -mutated biliary tract cancer (ROAR): a phase 2, open-label, single-arm, multicentre basket trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-roar-lancet-oncol-2020/), [Dabrafenib plus trametinib in previously treated BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-planchard-dabrafenib-trametinib-braf-nsclc-lancet-oncol-2016/), [Dabrafenib plus trametinib in previously untreated BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-planchard-dabrafenib-trametinib-first-line-lancet-oncol-2017/), [Dacomitinib versus gefitinib as first-line treatment for patients with EGFR-mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (ARCHER 1050): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-archer-1050-lancet-oncol-2017/), [Definition and classification of cancer cachexia: an international consensus](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-fearon-lancet-oncol/), [Delivery of affordable and equitable cancer care in India](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-pramesh-lancet-oncol/), [DNA methylation-based classification and grading system for meningioma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-sahm-meningioma-methylation-lancet-oncol-2017/), [DPYD genotype-guided dose individualisation of fluoropyrimidine therapy in patients with cancer: a prospective safety analysis](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-henricks-lancet-oncol/), [Dual-targeted therapy with trastuzumab and lapatinib in treatment-refractory, KRAS codon 12/13 wild-type, HER2-positive metastatic colorectal cancer (HERACLES)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-sartore-bianchi-heracles-trastuzumab-lapatinib-lancet-oncol-2016/), [Durvalumab, with or without tremelimumab, plus platinum-etoposide versus platinum-etoposide alone in first-line treatment of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (CASPIAN): updated results from a randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-caspian-lancet-oncol-2021-update/), [Effect of immunotherapy time-of-day infusion on overall survival among patients with advanced melanoma in the USA (MEMOIR): a propensity score-matched analysis of a single-centre, longitudinal study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-qian-lancet-oncol/), [Effects of bariatric surgery on cancer incidence in obese patients in Sweden (Swedish Obese Subjects Study): a prospective, controlled intervention trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-sjostrom-lancet-oncol/), [Efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant pertuzumab and trastuzumab in women with locally advanced, inflammatory, or early HER2-positive breast cancer (NeoSphere): a randomised multicentre, open-label, phase 2 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-neosphere-lancet-oncol-2012/), [Efficacy and safety of regorafenib in adult patients with metastatic osteosarcoma: a non-comparative, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-florence-duffaud-lancet-oncol-2019/), [Entrectinib in NTRK fusion-positive solid tumours: integrated analysis of three trials](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-doebele-entrectinib-ntrk-lancet-oncol-2020/), [Entrectinib in ROS1 fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer: integrated analysis of three trials](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-drilon-entrectinib-ros1-lancet-oncol-2020/), [EORTC 62012: doxorubicin alone versus intensified doxorubicin plus ifosfamide for first-line treatment of advanced soft tissue sarcoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-eortc-62012-doxorubicin-ifosfamide-judson-lancet-oncol-2014/), [Erlotinib versus standard chemotherapy as first-line treatment for European patients with advanced EGFR mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (EURTAC): a multicentre, open-label, randomised phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-egfr-nsclc-lancet-oncol-2012/), [EsPhALL: imatinib after induction for children and adolescents with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-esphall-imatinib-biondi-lancet-oncol-2012/), [Esthesioneuroblastoma: a meta-analysis and review](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-dulguerov-esthesioneuroblastoma-meta-analysis-lancet-oncol-2001/), [Expanding global access to radiotherapy](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-atun-lancet-oncol/), [FIGHT-202: pemigatinib for previously treated cholangiocarcinoma with FGFR2 fusions or rearrangements](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-fight-202-pemigatinib-lancet-oncol-2020/), [First-line cemiplimab monotherapy and continued cemiplimab beyond progression plus chemotherapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer with PD-L1 50% or more (EMPOWER-Lung 1): 35-month follow-up from a mutlicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-empower-lung-1-lancet-oncol-2023-update/), [First-line pembrolizumab in cisplatin-ineligible patients with locally advanced and unresectable or metastatic urothelial cancer (KEYNOTE-052): a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-pembrolizumab-urothelial-lancet-oncol-2017/), [Fluorescence-guided surgery with 5-aminolevulinic acid for resection of malignant glioma: a randomised controlled multicentre phase III trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-stummer-lancet-oncol/), [FOLFIRI plus cetuximab versus FOLFIRI plus bevacizumab as first-line treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (FIRE-3)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-heinemann-fire-3-cetuximab-vs-bevacizumab-lancet-oncol-2014/), [FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab versus FOLFIRI plus bevacizumab as first-line treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: updated overall survival and molecular subgroup analyses of TRIBE](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-cremolini-tribe-folfoxiri-bevacizumab-lancet-oncol-2015/), [FoRT long-term follow-up: 4 Gy versus 24 Gy for follicular and marginal zone lymphoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-fort-long-term-follow-up-hoskin-lancet-oncol-2021/), [FoRT: 4 Gy versus 24 Gy radiotherapy for indolent lymphoma, a randomised phase 3 non-inferiority trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-fort-4gy-vs-24gy-indolent-lymphoma-hoskin-lancet-oncol-2014/), [Fulvestrant plus capivasertib versus placebo after relapse or progression on an aromatase inhibitor in metastatic, oestrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer (FAKTION): overall survival, updated progression-free survival, and expanded biomarker analysis from a randomised, phase 2 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-capivasertib-breast-hr-positive-lancet-oncol-2022/), [Gemcitabine and docetaxel versus doxorubicin as first-line treatment in previously untreated advanced unresectable or metastatic soft-tissue sarcomas (GeDDiS): a randomised controlled phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-seddon-lancet-oncol/), [GETUG 13: personalised chemotherapy based on tumour marker decline in poor-prognosis germ cell tumours](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-getug-13-marker-guided-dose-dense-chemotherapy-fizazi-lancet-oncol-2014/), [GETUG-AFU 15: androgen deprivation alone or with docetaxel in non-castrate metastatic prostate cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-gravis-getug-afu-15-docetaxel-lancet-oncol-2013/), [Global cancer surgery: delivering safe, affordable, and timely cancer surgery](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-sullivan-lancet-oncol/), [HR-NBL1/SIOPEN: busulfan-melphalan versus carboplatin-etoposide-melphalan high-dose chemotherapy for high-risk neuroblastoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-hr-nbl1-busulfan-melphalan-ladenstein-lancet-oncol-2017/), [IBIS-I: five years of tamoxifen keeps preventing breast cancer for at least 20 years](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-ibis-i-tamoxifen-lancet-oncol-2015/), [Icotinib versus gefitinib in previously treated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (ICOGEN): a randomised, double-blind phase 3 non-inferiority trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-shi-lancet-oncol/), [Immunogenicity and HPV infection after one, two, and three doses of quadrivalent HPV vaccine in girls in India: a multicentre prospective cohort study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-sankaranarayanan-lancet-oncol/), [IMWG updated criteria for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma (2014)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-imwg-criteria-rajkumar-lancet-oncol-2014/), [Intensity-modulated fractionated radiotherapy versus stereotactic body radiotherapy for prostate cancer (PACE-B): acute toxicity findings from an international, randomised, open-label, phase 3, non-inferiority trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-pace-b-lancet-oncol-2019/), [Intensity-modulated radiotherapy versus stereotactic body radiotherapy for prostate cancer (PACE-B): 2-year toxicity results from an open-label, randomised, phase 3, non-inferiority trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-pace-b-lancet-oncol-2022-update/), [Internal mammary and medial supraclavicular lymph node chain irradiation in stage I-III breast cancer (EORTC 22922/10925): 15-year results of a randomised, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-eortc-22922-lancet-oncol-2020-update/), [International Myeloma Working Group consensus criteria for response and minimal residual disease assessment in multiple myeloma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-kumar-lancet-oncol/), [Intraoperative irradiation for early breast cancer (ELIOT): long-term recurrence and survival outcomes from a single-centre, randomised, phase 3 equivalence trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-orecchia-lancet-oncol/), [Intraoperative MRI guidance and extent of resection in glioma surgery: a randomised, controlled trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-senft-lancet-oncol/), [INVICTUS: ripretinib in advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumours after three or more prior kinase inhibitors](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-invictus-ripretinib-lancet-oncol-2020/), [Ipatasertib plus paclitaxel versus placebo plus paclitaxel as first-line therapy for metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (LOTUS): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-kim-lotus-ipatasertib-tnbc-lancet-oncol-2017/), [ISG-STS 1001: histotype-tailored neoadjuvant chemotherapy versus standard chemotherapy in high-risk soft tissue sarcoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-isg-sts-1001-gronchi-lancet-oncol-2017/), [Ivonescimab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy in patients with advanced EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer after disease progression on EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy (HARMONi): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nct06396065-lancet-oncol-2026/), [KEYNOTE-057: pembrolizumab for BCG-unresponsive non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer with carcinoma in situ](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-keynote-057-lancet-oncol-2021/), [KEYNOTE-204: pembrolizumab versus brentuximab vedotin in relapsed or refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-keynote-204-pembrolizumab-vs-brentuximab-rr-hodgkin-lancet-oncol-2021/), [KEYNOTE-859: pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy for HER2-negative advanced gastric cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-keynote-859-lancet-oncol-2023/), [KRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, and PTEN mutations: implications for targeted therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-pik3ca-colorectal-lancet-oncol-2011/), [Liposomal irinotecan plus fluorouracil and leucovorin versus fluorouracil and leucovorin for metastatic biliary tract cancer after progression on gemcitabine plus cisplatin (NIFTY): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 2b study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nifty-liposomal-irinotecan-lancet-oncol-2021/), [LMS-04: doxorubicin plus trabectedin followed by trabectedin maintenance versus doxorubicin alone in metastatic leiomyosarcoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-lms-04-doxorubicin-trabectedin-lancet-oncol-2022/), [Long-term outcomes of patients with active melanoma brain metastases treated with combination nivolumab plus ipilimumab (CheckMate 204): final results of an open-label, multicentre, phase 2 study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-checkmate-204-lancet-oncol-2021-update/), [MASAI: AI-supported mammography screening finds more cancers with half the radiologist workload](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-masai-lancet-oncol-2023/), [MAVORIC: mogamulizumab versus vorinostat in previously treated cutaneous T-cell lymphoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-mavoric-mogamulizumab-lancet-oncol-2018/), [N107C/CEC.3: postoperative radiosurgery versus whole-brain radiotherapy after resection of a brain metastasis](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-n107c-brown-lancet-oncol-2017/), [Nadofaragene firadenovec gene therapy for BCG-unresponsive non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nadofaragene-firadenovec-lancet-oncol-2021/), [NAVIGATOR: avapritinib in advanced PDGFRA D842V-mutant gastrointestinal stromal tumour](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-navigator-avapritinib-heinrich-lancet-oncol-2020/), [NBTXR3, a first-in-class radioenhancer hafnium oxide nanoparticle, plus radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in patients with locally advanced soft-tissue sarcoma (Act.In.Sarc): a multicentre, phase 2-3, randomised, controlled trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-act-in-sarc-lancet-oncol-2019/), [NCI9673: nivolumab for previously treated unresectable metastatic anal cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nci9673-nivolumab-metastatic-anal-cancer-morris-lancet-oncol-2017/), [Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy alone or with regional hyperthermia for localised high-risk soft-tissue sarcoma: a randomised phase 3 multicentre study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-issels-lancet-oncol/), [Neoadjuvant carboplatin in patients with triple-negative and HER2-positive early breast cancer (GeparSixto; GBG 66): a randomised phase 2 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-geparsixto-lancet-oncol-2014/), [Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with FOLFIRINOX and preoperative chemoradiotherapy for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (UNICANCER-PRODIGE 23)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-conroy-prodige-23-neoadjuvant-folfirinox-rectal-lancet-oncol-2021/), [Neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX versus neoadjuvant gemcitabine-based chemoradiotherapy in resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (PREOPANC-2): a multicentre, open-label, phase 3 randomised trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-preopanc-2-neoadjuvant-folfirinox-vs-chemoradiotherapy-lancet-oncol-2025/), [Neoadjuvant trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and chemotherapy versus trastuzumab emtansine plus pertuzumab in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer (KRISTINE): a randomised, open-label, multicentre, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-kristine-lancet-oncol-2018/), [Nivolumab for classical Hodgkin's lymphoma after failure of both autologous stem-cell transplantation and brentuximab vedotin: a multicentre, multicohort, single-arm phase 2 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-brentuximab-vedotin-hodgkin-lymphoma-lancet-oncol-2016/), [Nivolumab in patients with metastatic DNA mismatch repair-deficient or microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancer (CheckMate 142)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-overman-checkmate-142-nivolumab-dmmr-colorectal-lancet-oncol-2017/), [NOA-08: temozolomide alone versus radiotherapy alone for malignant astrocytoma in the elderly](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-noa-08-temozolomide-vs-radiotherapy-elderly-wick-lancet-oncol-2012/), [Olaparib and durvalumab in patients with germline BRCA-mutated metastatic breast cancer (MEDIOLA): an open-label, multicentre, phase 1/2, basket study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nct02734004-lancet-oncol-2020/), [Olaparib plus abiraterone versus placebo plus abiraterone in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (PROpel): final prespecified overall survival results of a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-propel-lancet-oncol-2023/), [OUTBACK: adjuvant carboplatin-paclitaxel after chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-outback-lancet-oncol-2023/), [Overall survival in patients with BRAF-mutant melanoma receiving encorafenib plus binimetinib versus vemurafenib or encorafenib (COLUMBUS): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-columbus-lancet-oncol-2018-update/), [Overall survival in patients with pancreatic cancer receiving matched therapies following molecular profiling: a retrospective analysis of the Know Your Tumor registry trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-pishvaian-lancet-oncol/), [Overall survival with [ 177 Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 versus cabazitaxel in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (TheraP): secondary outcomes of a randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-therap-lancet-oncol-2024-update/), [Overall survival with first-line atezolizumab in combination with vemurafenib and cobimetinib in BRAF V600 mutation-positive advanced melanoma (IMspire150): second interim analysis of a multicentre, randomised, phase 3 study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-imspire150-lancet-oncol-2023-update/), [Palbociclib with adjuvant endocrine therapy in early breast cancer (PALLAS): interim analysis of a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-pallas-penelope-b-lancet-oncol-2021/), [Pembrolizumab in paediatric patients with advanced melanoma or a PD-L1-positive, advanced, relapsed, or refractory solid tumour or lymphoma (KEYNOTE-051): interim analysis of an open-label, single-arm, phase 1-2 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nct02332668-lancet-oncol-2020/), [Pembrolizumab in patients with rare and ultra-rare sarcomas (AcSé Pembrolizumab): analysis of a subgroup from a non-randomised, open-label, phase 2, basket trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-blay-lancet-oncol/), [Pembrolizumab in patients with thymic carcinoma: a single-arm phase 2 study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-giaccone-pembrolizumab-thymic-carcinoma-lancet-oncol-2018/), [Pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy for microsatellite instability-high or mismatch repair-deficient metastatic colorectal cancer (KEYNOTE-177): final analysis of a randomised, open-label, phase 3 study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-keynote-177-lancet-oncol-2022-update/), [Pembrolizumab versus placebo as adjuvant therapy in resected stage IIB or IIC melanoma (KEYNOTE-716): distant metastasis-free survival results of a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-keynote-716-lancet-oncol-2022-update/), [Pertuzumab and trastuzumab for HER2-positive, metastatic biliary tract cancer (MyPathway): a multicentre, open-label, phase 2a, multiple basket study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-javle-mypathway-her2-biliary-lancet-oncol-2021/), [Pertuzumab plus trastuzumab for HER2-amplified metastatic colorectal cancer (MyPathway): an updated report from a multicentre, open-label, phase 2a, multiple basket study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-mypathway-lancet-oncol-2019/), [Pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and docetaxel for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (CLEOPATRA study): overall survival results from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-cleopatra-lancet-oncol-2013-update/), [PET-adapted treatment for newly diagnosed advanced Hodgkin lymphoma (AHL2011): a randomised, multicentre, non-inferiority, phase 3 study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-ahl2011-pet-adapted-treatment-advanced-hodgkin-lancet-oncol-2019/), [PORTEC-3: adjuvant chemoradiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone for high-risk endometrial cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-portec-3-lancet-oncol-2018/), [Pressurised intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy: rationale, evidence, and potential indications](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-alyami-lancet-oncol/), [Prevalence and clinical implications of sarcopenic obesity in patients with solid tumours of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts: a population-based study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-prado-lancet-oncol/), [Prices and clinical benefit of cancer drugs in the USA and Europe: a cost-benefit analysis](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-vokinger-lancet-oncol/), [Prophylactic cranial irradiation versus observation in patients with extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer: a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-takahashi-lancet-oncol/), [Radiotherapy versus transoral robotic surgery and neck dissection for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (ORATOR): an open-label, phase 2, randomised trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-anthony-nichols-lancet-oncol-2019/), [RAINBOW: ramucirumab plus paclitaxel versus placebo plus paclitaxel in previously treated advanced gastric cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-rainbow-ramucirumab-paclitaxel-lancet-oncol-2014/), [Ramucirumab plus erlotinib in patients with untreated, EGFR-mutated, advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (RELAY): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nct02411448-lancet-oncol-2019/), [REMORA: lenvatinib in advanced or metastatic thymic carcinoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-remora-lenvatinib-thymic-carcinoma-lancet-oncol-2020/), [Repeated blood-brain barrier opening with an implantable ultrasound device for delivery of albumin-bound paclitaxel in patients with recurrent glioblastoma: a phase 1 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-sonabend-lancet-oncol/), [Residual cancer burden after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and long-term survival outcomes in breast cancer: a multicentre pooled analysis of 5161 patients](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-yau-rcb-pooled-analysis-5161-lancet-oncol-2022/), [RESTORE: bipolar androgen therapy after progression on enzalutamide in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-teply-restore-bipolar-androgen-therapy-lancet-oncol-2018/), [Rolapitant for prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting after moderately emetogenic chemotherapy or anthracycline and cyclophosphamide regimens: a randomised, active-controlled, double-blind, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-rolapitant-study-3-schwartzberg-lancet-oncol-2015/), [Safety and activity of blinatumomab for adult patients with relapsed or refractory B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-blinatumomab-all-leukemia-lancet-oncol-2015/), [SARC028: pembrolizumab in advanced soft tissue and bone sarcoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-sarc028-pembrolizumab-sarcoma-tawbi-lancet-oncol-2017/), [Second-line FOLFOX chemotherapy versus active symptom control for advanced biliary tract cancer (ABC-06): a phase 3, open-label, randomised, controlled trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-abc-06-folfox-second-line-lancet-oncol-2021/), [Sequential treatment with rituximab followed by CHOP chemotherapy in adult B-cell post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD): the prospective international multicentre phase 2 PTLD-1 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-trappe-lancet-oncol/), [Short-course radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy before total mesorectal excision versus preoperative chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer (RAPIDO)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-bahadoer-rapido-short-course-radiotherapy-lancet-oncol-2021/), [Sintilimab plus a bevacizumab biosimilar (IBI305) versus sorafenib in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (ORIENT-32): a randomised, open-label, phase 2-3 study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-ren-lancet-oncol/), [SIOPEL-4: dose-dense cisplatin-based chemotherapy and surgery for high-risk hepatoblastoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-siopel-4-dose-dense-cisplatin-high-risk-hepatoblastoma-zsiros-lancet-oncol-2013/), [Standard-dose versus high-dose conformal radiotherapy with concurrent and consolidation carboplatin plus paclitaxel with or without cetuximab for patients with stage IIIA or IIIB non-small-cell lung cancer (RTOG 0617): a randomised, two-by-two factorial phase 3 study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-rtog-0617-lancet-oncol-2015/), [Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy versus standard radiotherapy in stage 1 non-small-cell lung cancer (TROG 09.02 CHISEL): a phase 3, open-label, randomised controlled trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-chisel-lancet-oncol-2019/), [STOpCaP: docetaxel or bisphosphonates added to standard of care in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, a systematic review and meta-analysis](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-vale-stopcap-docetaxel-bisphosphonates-lancet-oncol-2016/), [STORM: adjuvant sorafenib after resection or ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-storm-adjuvant-sorafenib-bruix-lancet-oncol-2015/), [STRASS (EORTC 62092): preoperative radiotherapy plus surgery versus surgery alone for primary retroperitoneal sarcoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-strass-lancet-oncol-2020/), [Sugemalimab versus placebo, in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy, as first-line treatment of metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (GEMSTONE-302): interim and final analyses of a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 clinical trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-gemstone-302-lancet-oncol-2022/), [Tazemetostat in advanced epithelioid sarcoma with loss of INI1/SMARCB1: an international, open-label, phase 2 basket study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-gounder-lancet-oncol/), [Temozolomide chemotherapy versus radiotherapy in high-risk low-grade glioma (EORTC 22033-26033): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 intergroup study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-baumert-lancet-oncol/), [Temozolomide versus standard 6-week radiotherapy versus hypofractionated radiotherapy in patients older than 60 years with glioblastoma: the Nordic randomised, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-malmstrom-lancet-oncol/), [The cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor palbociclib in combination with letrozole versus letrozole alone as first-line treatment of oestrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative, advanced breast cancer (PALOMA-1/TRIO-18): a randomised phase 2 study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-palbociclib-breast-hr-positive-lancet-oncol-2015/), [The International Collaboration for Research methods Development in Oncology (CReDO) workshops: shaping the future of global oncology research](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-ranganathan-lancet-oncol/), [The UK Standardisation of Breast Radiotherapy (START) trials of radiotherapy hypofractionation for treatment of early breast cancer: 10-year follow-up results of two randomised controlled trials](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-haviland-lancet-oncol/), [Tiragolumab plus atezolizumab versus placebo plus atezolizumab as a first-line treatment for PD-L1-selected non-small-cell lung cancer (CITYSCAPE): primary and follow-up analyses of a randomised, double-blind, phase 2 study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-cho-lancet-oncol/), [TPExtreme (GORTEC 2014-01): docetaxel, cisplatin and cetuximab versus the EXTREME regimen in recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-tpextreme-lancet-oncol-2021/), [TRAIN-2: neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without anthracyclines alongside dual HER2 blockade](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-train-2-lancet-oncol-2018/), [Trastuzumab deruxtecan (DS-8201) in patients with HER2-expressing metastatic colorectal cancer (DESTINY-CRC01)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-siena-destiny-crc01-trastuzumab-deruxtecan-lancet-oncol-2021/), [Trastuzumab deruxtecan in patients with HER2-positive advanced colorectal cancer (DESTINY-CRC02): primary results from a multicentre, randomised, phase 2 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-destiny-crc02-lancet-oncol-2024/), [Trastuzumab deruxtecan in patients with solid tumours harbouring specific activating HER2 mutations (DESTINY-PanTumor01): an international, phase 2 study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nct04639219-lancet-oncol-2024/), [Trastuzumab rezetecan versus pyrotinib plus capecitabine for patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (HORIZON-Breast01): interim analysis of a multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-horizon-breast01-lancet-oncol-2026/), [Tucatinib plus trastuzumab for chemotherapy-refractory, HER2-positive, RAS wild-type unresectable or metastatic colorectal cancer (MOUNTAINEER)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-strickler-mountaineer-tucatinib-trastuzumab-lancet-oncol-2023/), [Tucidinostat plus exemestane for postmenopausal patients with advanced, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer (ACE): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-jiang-lancet-oncol/), [Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes and prognosis in different subtypes of breast cancer: a pooled analysis of 3771 patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-denkert-tils-neoadjuvant-pooled-lancet-oncol-2018/), [Vaccine efficacy against persistent HPV 16/18 infection at 10 years after one, two and three doses of quadrivalent HPV vaccine in girls in India](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-basu-single-dose-hpv-lancet-oncol-2021/), [Vinorelbine and continuous low-dose cyclophosphamide as maintenance chemotherapy in patients with high-risk rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS 2005): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-bisogno-lancet-oncol/), [Zanidatamab for HER2-amplified, unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic biliary tract cancer (HERIZON-BTC-01): a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2b study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-harding-lancet-oncol/), [Zanubrutinib versus bendamustine and rituximab in untreated chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SEQUOIA): a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-zanubrutinib-cll-lancet-oncol-2022/), [γ-Secretase inhibitor in combination with BCMA chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy for individuals with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: a phase 1, first-in-human trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-cowan-lancet-oncol/)
- people: [Cary Adams](https://onco.cc/people/cary-adams/), [Dan Theodorescu](https://onco.cc/people/dan-theodorescu/), [Magdolna Dank](https://onco.cc/people/magdolna-dank/), [Mostafa Aziz Sumon](https://onco.cc/people/mostafa-aziz-sumon/), [Pierre Vera](https://onco.cc/people/pierre-vera/)

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