# Early Detection & Screening

Source: https://onco.cc/fronts/early-detection/  
OnCo record `early-detection` (Front). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

Early detection and screening means finding cancer before it causes symptoms, when it is most curable.

## Summary

This section groups the ways of finding cancer before it causes symptoms, when it is most curable: established population screening with mammography, colonoscopy, low-dose CT, HPV testing and PSA, plus blood-based multi-cancer early detection and risk-adapted AI screening that aim to reach cancers with no screening test today. Technologies filed here include low-dose CT lung screening, colorectal cancer screening, HPV DNA testing and self-sampling, mammography and tomosynthesis, whole-body MRI, MCED and DNA methylation profiling. It also covers surveillance of high-risk groups, such as pancreatic surveillance and HCC surveillance in cirrhosis, dermoscopy and AI skin analysis, and the procedures that follow a positive screen, including endoscopic resection and colposcopy.

## Fields

- Kind: Front
- Last checked: 2026-09-04

## Sources

- NCI: Cancer screening: https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/screening

## Connected records

- technologies: [AI polyp detection in colonoscopy](https://onco.cc/technologies/ai-endoscopy-detection/), [AI-assisted mammography screening](https://onco.cc/technologies/ai-mammography-screening/), [Breast cancer after chest radiotherapy in childhood, and the screening that follows](https://onco.cc/technologies/rejuv-paed-breast-after-chest-radiotherapy/), [Breast MRI coils and abbreviated breast MRI](https://onco.cc/technologies/breast-mri-coils-abbreviated-mri/), [Breath and volatile-organic-compound detection](https://onco.cc/technologies/breath-vocs/), [Capsule endoscopy (PillCam, EndoCapsule, CapsoCam)](https://onco.cc/technologies/capsule-endoscopy-systems/), [Cell-free DNA methylation tests](https://onco.cc/technologies/cfdna-methylation-testing/), [cfDNA fragmentomics](https://onco.cc/technologies/fragmentomics/), [Circulating tumour cell capture](https://onco.cc/technologies/ctc-capture/), [Colorectal cancer screening (colonoscopy, FIT, stool DNA, blood)](https://onco.cc/technologies/colorectal-screening/), [Colposcopes and digital cervical screening devices (DYSIS, EVA System, AVE)](https://onco.cc/technologies/colposcopes-digital-cervical-screening/), [Colposcopy and excisional treatment (LEEP/LLETZ, cone)](https://onco.cc/technologies/colposcopy-excision/), [Confocal microscopy and optical coherence tomography for skin (VivaScope, VivoSight, deepLive)](https://onco.cc/technologies/confocal-oct-skin-imaging/), [Contrast-enhanced mammography](https://onco.cc/technologies/contrast-enhanced-mammography/), [Dermoscopy, total-body photography & AI skin analysis](https://onco.cc/technologies/dermoscopy-ai/), [DNA methylation profiling](https://onco.cc/technologies/methylation-profiling/), [Endoscopic resection (EMR / ESD)](https://onco.cc/technologies/endoscopic-resection/), [Gastric cancer endoscopic screening (East Asia)](https://onco.cc/technologies/gastric-endoscopic-screening/), [HCC surveillance in cirrhosis (ultrasound + AFP)](https://onco.cc/technologies/hcc-surveillance/), [High-risk pancreatic surveillance (CAPS / PRECEDE)](https://onco.cc/technologies/pancreatic-surveillance/), [How long it takes to diagnose cancer in a young person, and what the evidence actually says](https://onco.cc/technologies/rejuv-ayac-diagnostic-delay/), [HPV DNA testing and self-sampling](https://onco.cc/technologies/hpv-testing/), [Low-dose CT lung screening](https://onco.cc/technologies/low-dose-ct-screening/), [Mammography & tomosynthesis](https://onco.cc/technologies/mammography/), [Mirai (MIT breast cancer risk from mammograms)](https://onco.cc/technologies/mirai/), [Multi-cancer early detection (MCED)](https://onco.cc/technologies/mced/), [Multitarget stool RNA test (ColoSense)](https://onco.cc/technologies/multitarget-stool-rna-test/), [NHS Targeted Lung Health Check (lung cancer screening programme)](https://onco.cc/technologies/nhs-targeted-lung-health-check/), [Oral cancer visual screening](https://onco.cc/technologies/oral-visual-screening/), [Polygenic risk scores for cancer](https://onco.cc/technologies/polygenic-risk-scores/), [PSA and MRI-first prostate cancer screening](https://onco.cc/technologies/prostate-screening-psa-mri/), [Second cancers after childhood cancer: the risk by treatment, and why it is falling](https://onco.cc/technologies/rejuv-paed-second-cancers/), [Skin cancer screening (visual skin examination)](https://onco.cc/technologies/skin-cancer-screening/), [Sybil (MIT/MGH lung cancer risk from CT)](https://onco.cc/technologies/sybil/), [Total-body PET for screening and ultra-low-dose imaging](https://onco.cc/technologies/total-body-pet-screening/), [Visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) for cervical screening](https://onco.cc/technologies/via-cervical-screening/), [Whole-body MRI](https://onco.cc/technologies/whole-body-mri/)
- institutions: [Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health](https://onco.cc/institutions/arpa-h/), [BC Cancer](https://onco.cc/institutions/bc-cancer/), [Bowel Cancer UK](https://onco.cc/institutions/bowel-cancer-uk/), [Cancer Council Australia](https://onco.cc/institutions/cancer-council-australia/), [Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas](https://onco.cc/institutions/cprit/), [Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre / CRUK Cambridge Institute](https://onco.cc/institutions/cruk-cambridge-centre/), [Case Comprehensive Cancer Center](https://onco.cc/institutions/case-ccc/), [Cheshire and Merseyside Cancer Alliance](https://onco.cc/institutions/cheshire-merseyside-cancer-alliance/), [Chulabhorn Hospital / Chulabhorn Royal Academy](https://onco.cc/institutions/chulabhorn-hospital/), [East Midlands Cancer Alliance](https://onco.cc/institutions/east-midlands-cancer-alliance/), [East of England Cancer Alliance](https://onco.cc/institutions/east-of-england-cancer-alliance/), [Erasmus MC Cancer Institute](https://onco.cc/institutions/erasmus-mc/), [Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center](https://onco.cc/institutions/nebraska-buffett/), [Greater Manchester Cancer Alliance](https://onco.cc/institutions/greater-manchester-cancer-alliance/), [Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust / King's Health Partners Cancer Centre](https://onco.cc/institutions/guys-st-thomas/), [Henan Cancer Hospital](https://onco.cc/institutions/henan-cancer-hospital/), [Hospital de Amor (Barretos Cancer Hospital)](https://onco.cc/institutions/hospital-de-amor-barretos/), [Humber & North Yorkshire Cancer Alliance](https://onco.cc/institutions/humber-north-yorkshire-cancer-alliance/), [ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research](https://onco.cc/institutions/icmr-nicpr/), [Institut National du Cancer](https://onco.cc/institutions/inca/), [Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA)](https://onco.cc/institutions/inca-brazil/), [International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer](https://onco.cc/institutions/iaslc/), [Kaiser Permanente Division of Research](https://onco.cc/institutions/kaiser-permanente-research/), [Kent and Medway Cancer Alliance](https://onco.cc/institutions/kent-medway-cancer-alliance/), [Lancashire and South Cumbria Cancer Alliance](https://onco.cc/institutions/lancashire-south-cumbria-cancer-alliance/), [Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital NHS Foundation Trust](https://onco.cc/institutions/liverpool-heart-and-chest/), [Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky](https://onco.cc/institutions/kentucky-markey/), [National Cancer Center Korea](https://onco.cc/institutions/ncc-korea/), [North Central London Cancer Alliance](https://onco.cc/institutions/north-central-london-cancer-alliance/), [North East London Cancer Alliance](https://onco.cc/institutions/north-east-london-cancer-alliance/), [Northern Cancer Alliance](https://onco.cc/institutions/northern-cancer-alliance/), [OHSU Knight Cancer Institute](https://onco.cc/institutions/ohsu-knight/), [Osaka International Cancer Institute](https://onco.cc/institutions/osaka-international-cancer-institute/), [Oxford Cancer (Oxford University Hospitals and University of Oxford)](https://onco.cc/institutions/oxford-cancer/), [Pancreatic Cancer Action](https://onco.cc/institutions/pancreatic-cancer-action/), [Peninsula Cancer Alliance](https://onco.cc/institutions/peninsula-cancer-alliance/), [Prince of Wales Hospital / Chinese University of Hong Kong](https://onco.cc/institutions/prince-of-wales-hospital-cuhk/), [Prostate Cancer UK](https://onco.cc/institutions/prostate-cancer-uk/), [Roy Castle Lung Cancer Foundation](https://onco.cc/institutions/roy-castle-lung-cancer-foundation/), [Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey](https://onco.cc/institutions/rutgers-cinj/), [Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital](https://onco.cc/institutions/shanghai-pulmonary-hospital/), [Somerset, Wiltshire, Avon and Gloucestershire Cancer Alliance](https://onco.cc/institutions/swag-cancer-alliance/), [South East London Cancer Alliance](https://onco.cc/institutions/south-east-london-cancer-alliance/), [South Yorkshire and Bassetlaw Cancer Alliance](https://onco.cc/institutions/south-yorkshire-bassetlaw-cancer-alliance/), [Stand Up To Cancer](https://onco.cc/institutions/stand-up-to-cancer/), [Surrey and Sussex Cancer Alliance](https://onco.cc/institutions/surrey-sussex-cancer-alliance/), [Thames Valley Cancer Alliance](https://onco.cc/institutions/thames-valley-cancer-alliance/), [Wessex Cancer Alliance](https://onco.cc/institutions/wessex-cancer-alliance/), [West Midlands Cancer Alliance](https://onco.cc/institutions/west-midlands-cancer-alliance/), [West Yorkshire and Harrogate Cancer Alliance](https://onco.cc/institutions/west-yorkshire-harrogate-cancer-alliance/), [Zhejiang Cancer Hospital](https://onco.cc/institutions/zhejiang-cancer-hospital/), [Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University](https://onco.cc/institutions/zhongshan-hospital-fudan/)
- people: [Bill Greenhalf](https://onco.cc/people/bill-greenhalf/), [Chris Halloran](https://onco.cc/people/chris-halloran/), [David Baldwin](https://onco.cc/people/david-baldwin/), [John Field](https://onco.cc/people/john-field/), [Matthew Callister](https://onco.cc/people/matthew-callister/), [Phil Knight](https://onco.cc/people/phil-knight/), [Philip Crosbie](https://onco.cc/people/philip-crosbie/), [Priscilla Chan](https://onco.cc/people/priscilla-chan/), [Rakesh Heer](https://onco.cc/people/rakesh-heer/), [Ratan Tata](https://onco.cc/people/ratan-tata/), [Rosalind Eeles](https://onco.cc/people/ros-eeles/)
- trials: [EUROPAC](https://onco.cc/trials/europac/), [Funen faecal occult blood screening trial](https://onco.cc/trials/funen-fob/), [Lung-SEARCH](https://onco.cc/trials/lungsearch/), [Minnesota Colon Cancer Control Study](https://onco.cc/trials/minnesota-fob/), [National Polyp Study](https://onco.cc/trials/national-polyp-study/), [Nottingham faecal occult blood screening trial](https://onco.cc/trials/nottingham-fob/), [PROMIS](https://onco.cc/trials/promis/), [SUMMIT (lung health check study)](https://onco.cc/trials/summit-lung/), [TRANSFORM](https://onco.cc/trials/transform-prostate/), [UK Flexible Sigmoidoscopy Screening Trial](https://onco.cc/trials/ukfss/), [UKLS](https://onco.cc/trials/ukls/), [YLST](https://onco.cc/trials/ylst/)
- terms: [Barrett's oesophagus](https://onco.cc/terms/barretts-esophagus/), [Carcinoma in situ (CIS)](https://onco.cc/terms/carcinoma-in-situ/), [Colonoscopy](https://onco.cc/terms/colonoscopy/), [Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)](https://onco.cc/terms/dcis/), [Dysplasia (pre-cancerous change)](https://onco.cc/terms/dysplasia/), [Early detection](https://onco.cc/terms/early-detection-term/), [EMR and ESD (endoscopic mucosal resection, endoscopic submucosal dissection)](https://onco.cc/terms/endoscopic-resection-term/), [Lead time, and lead-time bias](https://onco.cc/terms/lead-time-bias/), [Number needed to screen (and number needed to diagnose)](https://onco.cc/terms/number-needed-to-screen/), [Other-cause mortality](https://onco.cc/terms/other-cause-mortality/), [Overtreatment](https://onco.cc/terms/overtreatment/), [PI-RADS (Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System)](https://onco.cc/terms/pi-rads/), [Polygenic risk score (PRS)](https://onco.cc/terms/polygenic-risk-score/), [PSA density](https://onco.cc/terms/psa-density/), [Screening](https://onco.cc/terms/screening/), [Skin cancer after an organ transplant](https://onco.cc/terms/skin-cancer-after-organ-transplant/), [Smouldering myeloma / MGUS](https://onco.cc/terms/smoldering-myeloma/), [The next skin cancer: second primaries after a keratinocyte cancer](https://onco.cc/terms/second-primary-skin-cancer/)
- roadmaps: [Colorectal cancer roadmap: from the adenoma-carcinoma sequence and the first screening trials to total mesorectal excision, oxaliplatin, RAS testing, immunotherapy for mismatch repair-deficient disease, ctDNA-guided treatment and organ preservation](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/colorectal-roadmap/), [ctDNA tests roadmap: from a curiosity in plasma to blood tests that decide treatment](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/ctdna-tests/), [Early detection roadmap: organ screening → blood tests for many cancers](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/early-detection-roadmap/), [Gallbladder cancer roadmap: from a chance finding at gallstone surgery to a disease with its own trials](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/gallbladder-cancer-roadmap/), [Lung cancer roadmap: from Doll and Hill and the naming of tobacco, through the cytotoxic plateau, computed tomography screening, EGFR and ALK, immunotherapy by PD-L1, the perioperative trials and PACIFIC, to DLL3 in small-cell disease and a 2032 registry watch](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/lung-cancer-evidence-roadmap/), [Pancreatic cancer roadmap: from Whipple's operation to gemcitabine, FOLFIRINOX, adjuvant chemotherapy, PARP inhibition, KRAS inhibition, vaccines and the surveillance question](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/pancreatic-roadmap/), [Paths to cures: interception, eradication, control](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/cure-paths/), [Prostate cancer roadmap: from Huggins and the discovery that a cancer can depend on a hormone, through the PSA epidemic and what it cost, the androgen receptor drugs, the DNA repair subset and PSMA, to a 2032 registry watch](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/prostate-roadmap/), [Radical oncology: what could change the war by 2035](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/frontier-2035/)
- key papers: [Association of Black race with prostate cancer-specific and other-cause mortality](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-dess-black-race-prostate-mortality-jama-oncol-2019/), [Breast cancer following radiotherapy and chemotherapy among young women with Hodgkin disease](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-travis-breast-cancer-after-hodgkin-radiotherapy-jama-2003/), [Colonoscopic polypectomy and long-term prevention of colorectal-cancer deaths (National Polyp Study)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-zauber-national-polyp-study-colonoscopic-polypectomy-nejm-2012/), [Colorectal cancer incidence patterns in the United States, 1974-2013](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-siegel-colorectal-incidence-birth-cohort-jnci-2017/), [Colorectal cancer statistics, 2023](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-siegel-colorectal-cancer-statistics-ca-2023/), [DETECT-A: a blood test plus PET-CT found treatable cancers in 10,000 women with no symptoms](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-detect-a-science-2020/), [Distinct biological subtypes and patterns of genome evolution in lymphoma revealed by circulating tumour DNA](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-scherer-ctdna-lymphoma-subtypes-genome-evolution-sci-transl-med-2016/), [ERSPC: screening and prostate cancer mortality in a randomised European study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-schroder-erspc-screening-mortality-nejm-2009/), [Evaluation of USPSTF Lung Cancer Screening Guidelines Among African American Adult Smokers](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-aldrich-uspstf-screening-african-american-smokers-jama-oncol-2019/), [Genetic alterations during colorectal-tumor development](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-vogelstein-genetic-alterations-colorectal-tumor-development-nejm-1988/), [Genomic and evolutionary classification of lung cancer in never smokers](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-zhang-lung-cancer-never-smokers-nat-genet-2021/), [Increasing incidence of colorectal cancer in young adults in Europe over the last 25 years](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-vuik-early-onset-colorectal-europe-gut-2019/), [Jaiswal: clonal haematopoiesis, the pre-leukaemic clones in most people over 70](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-jaiswal-chip-nejm-2014/), [Lead time and overdiagnosis in prostate-specific antigen screening: importance of methods and context](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-draisma-lead-time-overdiagnosis-psa-jnci-2009/), [Long term effects of once-only flexible sigmoidoscopy screening after 17 years of follow-up](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-atkin-flexible-sigmoidoscopy-17-year-follow-up-lancet-2017/), [Lung adenocarcinoma promotion by air pollutants](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-hill-lung-adenocarcinoma-air-pollutants-nature-2023/), [Martincorena: normal sun-exposed skin is a patchwork of cancer-mutation clones](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-martincorena-somatic-mutations-normal-skin-science-2015/), [MASAI: AI-supported mammography screening finds more cancers with half the radiologist workload](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-masai-lancet-oncol-2023/), [Measurement of prostate-specific antigen in serum as a screening test for prostate cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-catalona-psa-screening-test-nejm-1991/), [Minnesota trial: a yearly stool blood test cuts bowel cancer deaths by a third](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-minnesota-fobt-nejm-1993/), [Multitarget stool DNA testing for colorectal-cancer screening](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-imperiale-multitarget-stool-dna-screening-nejm-2014/), [NELSON: volume-based CT screening reduces lung cancer deaths with fewer false alarms](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nelson-nejm-2020/), [NHS-Galleri: design of the largest randomised trial of a multi-cancer blood test](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nhs-galleri-design-cancers-2022/), [NLST: yearly low-dose CT scans cut lung cancer deaths in heavy smokers](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nlst-nejm-2011/), [NordICC: inviting people to a screening colonoscopy reduced bowel cancer, but less than expected](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nordicc-nejm-2022/), [Once-only flexible sigmoidoscopy screening in prevention of colorectal cancer: a multicentre randomised controlled trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-atkin-once-only-flexible-sigmoidoscopy-lancet-2010/), [Overdiagnosis and overtreatment of prostate cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-loeb-overdiagnosis-overtreatment-prostate-eur-urol-2014/), [PATHFINDER: the first prospective test of a multi-cancer blood test in people without symptoms](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-pathfinder-lancet-2023/), [Performance of a multi-cancer early detection test in the randomized controlled NHS-Galleri trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nhs-galleri-performance-nat-med-2026/), [Phylogenetic ctDNA analysis depicts early-stage lung cancer evolution](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-abbosh-phylogenetic-ctdna-lung-cancer-nature-2017/), [PIVOT: follow-up of prostatectomy versus observation for early prostate cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-wilt-pivot-prostatectomy-observation-nejm-2017/), [PLCO: mortality results from a randomised prostate cancer screening trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-andriole-plco-prostate-screening-nejm-2009/), [PROMIS: diagnostic accuracy of multiparametric MRI and TRUS biopsy in prostate cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-ahmed-promis-multiparametric-mri-lancet-2017/), [Prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment after the introduction of prostate-specific antigen screening, 1986 to 2005](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-welch-albertsen-psa-era-diagnosis-treatment-jnci-2009/), [Prostate-specific antigen as a serum marker for adenocarcinoma of the prostate](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-stamey-psa-serum-marker-nejm-1987/), [Quality indicators for colonoscopy and the risk of interval cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-kaminski-adenoma-detection-rate-interval-cancer-nejm-2010/), [Randomised controlled trial of faecal-occult-blood screening for colorectal cancer (Nottingham)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-hardcastle-nottingham-faecal-occult-blood-lancet-1996/), [Randomised study of screening for colorectal cancer with faecal-occult-blood test (Funen)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-kronborg-funen-faecal-occult-blood-lancet-1996/), [Screening by chest radiograph and lung cancer mortality: the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) randomized trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-plco-chest-radiograph-lung-cancer-mortality-jama-2011/), [Screening for Lung Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-uspstf-lung-cancer-screening-jama-2021/), [Self-collected HPV samples are as accurate as clinician samples and reach women who never attend screening](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-hpv-self-sampling-bmj-2018/), [Smoking, smoking cessation, and lung cancer in the UK since 1950: combination of national statistics with two case-control studies](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-peto-smoking-cessation-lung-cancer-uk-bmj-2000/), [Socioeconomic inequalities in lung cancer treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-forrest-socioeconomic-inequalities-lung-cancer-treatment-plos-med-2013/), [Tobacco smoking as a possible etiologic factor in bronchiogenic carcinoma; a study of 684 proved cases](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-wynder-graham-tobacco-bronchiogenic-carcinoma-jama-1950/), [Trans-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analysis of prostate cancer identifies new susceptibility loci and informs genetic risk prediction](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-conti-trans-ancestry-gwas-prostate-nat-genet-2021/), [USPSTF 2012: screening for prostate cancer, recommendation statement (grade D)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-moyer-uspstf-prostate-screening-ann-intern-med-2012/), [USPSTF 2018: screening for prostate cancer, recommendation statement (grade C at 55 to 69, grade D at 70 and over)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-uspstf-prostate-screening-jama-2018/)
- ideas: [A 28-day national pathway for people with a positive multi-cancer blood test](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-mced-positive-resolution-pathway/), [A breath test to rule out cancer in people with vague symptoms](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-breath-voc-symptomatic-ruleout/), [A cancer blood test for older people arriving at A&E with unexplained symptoms](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-emergency-department-cancer-test/), [A live national dashboard of stage at diagnosis as the scorecard for early detection](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-live-stage-dashboard/), [A mandatory decision aid before any multi-cancer blood test](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-mced-pretest-decision-aid/), [A single 'cancer check at 60' appointment bundling all screening tests](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-bundled-cancer-check-at-60/), [A swallowable sponge test for reflux patients, offered in pharmacies](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-capsule-sponge-pharmacy/), [A ten-dollar blood test for the five cancers that kill most people in poorer countries](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-lmic-five-cancer-methylation-test/), [A ten-year cohort of incidental findings to calibrate follow-up guidelines](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-incidentaloma-natural-history-cohort/), [A urine DNA test to decide who with blood in the urine needs a camera test](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-urine-dna-haematuria-triage/), [A watch-and-wait registry for blood precursor conditions found by chance](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-blood-precursor-watch-registry/), [Active surveillance as the default for tiny papillary thyroid cancers](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-ptmc-active-surveillance-default/), [After the COMET trial: surveillance pathways and a new name for low-risk DCIS](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-low-risk-dcis-surveillance-pathway/), [AI clears the normal lung screening scans so radiologists read only the suspicious ones](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-ldct-ai-negative-triage/), [AI malignancy scores to end repeat scans and biopsies for benign lung nodules](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-lung-nodule-ai-discharge/), [AI that spots pancreatic cancer on scans taken a year before diagnosis](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-pancreas-ai-prediagnostic-ct/), [An international body to rename indolent lesions so 'cancer' means something](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-indolent-lesion-nomenclature-body/), [Blood EBV DNA screening for nasopharyngeal cancer across southern China and Southeast Asia](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-ebv-dna-npc-screening-scaleup/), [Cancer risk scores running automatically in GP records to prompt urgent referral](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-ehr-symptom-signature-prompts/), [Cheap DNA fragment-pattern blood test as a first sieve before expensive cancer tests](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-fragmentomics-first-tier/), [Community health workers with smartphone AI screen for mouth cancer in South Asia](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-oral-cancer-community-smartphone-ai/), [Decide who is screened for lung cancer by individual risk, not by pack-years](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-lung-screening-eligibility-by-risk-not-pack-years/), [Every lung screening visit includes stop-smoking medicine, opt-out](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-opt-out-cessation-in-lung-screening/), [Every routine CT scan checked by AI for early cancer signs, with a tracked follow-up pathway](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-opportunistic-ct-ai-registry/), [Every screening programme must publish its overdiagnosis rate each year](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-annual-overdiagnosis-reporting/), [Find out what is driving early-onset bowel cancer, starting with colibactin, before extending screening any further](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-crc-early-onset-cause-hunt/), [Glucose monitor data as an early pancreatic cancer signal](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-cgm-glycaemic-drift-pancreas/), [Judge a prostate screening programme on metastatic presentation, not on incidence or mortality](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prostate-metastatic-presentation-as-the-screening-endpoint/), [Judge skin cancer AI by the thick melanomas it prevents, not the thin ones it finds](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-melanoma-ai-thick-melanoma-metric/), [Let MCED trials read out on late-stage incidence, with mortality follow-up mandated](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-mced-stage-endpoint-surrogate/), [Lung screening eligibility by risk score, not pack-years, including high-risk never-smokers](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-lung-screening-risk-model-eligibility/), [Make a two-minute mouth cancer check part of every dental visit](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-dental-oral-exam-standard/), [Mandatory interval-cancer audit for every blood-based screening test](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-interval-cancer-audit-blood-tests/), [Modern autopsy studies to measure how much silent cancer people carry](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-modern-autopsy-reservoir-studies/), [MRI-first prostate screening with genetic pre-selection](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-mri-first-prostate-screening-prs/), [Multi-cancer blood test as the first step for patients with non-specific symptoms](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-mced-non-specific-symptom-triage/), [New diabetes after 50 plus weight loss triggers a pancreatic cancer check](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-new-onset-diabetes-pancreas-pathway/), [Offer the blood test for bowel cancer only to people who refuse stool tests or colonoscopy](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-blood-crc-test-for-non-responders/), [Open-source models that translate stage shift into lives saved, for every cancer](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-open-stage-shift-microsimulation/), [Personalised stool-test cut-offs by age, sex and prior results](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-fit-risk-adapted-thresholds/), [Post every woman an HPV self-test kit instead of asking her to book a smear](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-hpv-self-sampling-mailed-default/), [Pre-agreed update rules so an MCED test is not obsolete when its trial reads out](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-mced-change-control-plan/), [Prostate active surveillance without scheduled biopsies: MRI and blood tests decide](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-prostate-as-triggered-biopsy/), [Publish the four numbers the NHS lung cancer pathway does not currently measure: reflex testing rate, genomic turnaround, surgical access and a lung-specific waiting time in every nation](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-lung-uk-screening-testing-and-access-gaps/), [Registry-based randomised MCED trial: a million people, no study visits](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-mced-registry-randomised/), [Replace six-monthly ultrasound with a blood test for liver cancer in cirrhosis](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-hcc-blood-surveillance-cirrhosis/), [Require stage-shift or interval-cancer endpoints for AI in cancer screening](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-data-ai-screening-endpoints/), [Roll out AI-supported mammography nationally as a stepped-wedge trial](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-mammography-ai-stepped-wedge/), [Send screening invitations with a pre-booked time, not a request to call](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-screening-default-appointments/), [Set each woman's mammogram interval from her last mammogram, using AI risk](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-ai-mammogram-risk-intervals/), [Smart scales and health records flag unexplained weight loss for a cancer check](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-weight-loss-auto-alert/), [Stomach cancer serology screening for high-risk migrant communities in low-incidence countries](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-gastric-serology-migrant-screening/), [Stop biopsying small thyroid nodules and never screen the thyroid](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-thyroid-no-screening-no-small-biopsy/), [Stop routine endoscopies for non-dysplastic Barrett's oesophagus](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-barrett-surveillance-deescalation/), [Stop screening by life expectancy, not birthday, with a tool in the record](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-screening-stop-by-life-expectancy/), [Stop watching stable low-risk pancreatic cysts after five years](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-ipmn-surveillance-stop-rule/), [Take lung screening scanners to supermarket car parks in the poorest areas](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-mobile-lung-screening-deprived-areas/), [Test whether calling Gleason 6 'not cancer' changes what men choose](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-gleason6-terminology-rct/), [Treat lung cancer in never-smokers as its own disease, with its own detection programme](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-lung-never-smoker-disease-its-own-programme/), [Treat screening uptake, not test sensitivity, as the thing to optimise, and settle the age extension with a trial rather than a model](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-crc-screening-uptake-and-age-extension/), [Treat the deprivation gradient in lung cancer as a defect in delivery that can be fixed and measured](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-lung-deprivation-gradient-treated-as-a-defect-in-delivery/), [UK gap: match endoscopy capacity and quality to the faecal immunochemical test thresholds the NHS has already set](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-crc-uk-colonoscopy-capacity-and-fit-threshold/), [UK gap: shorten the route to diagnosis for patients below the screening age, where the rise in incidence is](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-crc-uk-young-patient-referral-and-diagnostic-interval/), [Use a polygenic risk score to set when screening starts](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-prs-screening-start-age/), [Use circulating tumour DNA instead of the interim scan to decide what happens next](https://onco.cc/ideas/lymphoma-ev-ctdna-instead-of-the-interim-scan/), [Use the trend in routine blood counts, not a single threshold, to spot cancer](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-blood-count-trend-flags/), [Watch small kidney tumours rather than remove them, with a national registry](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-small-renal-mass-surveillance/)
- companies: [Abbott Laboratories](https://onco.cc/companies/abbott/), [Adela](https://onco.cc/companies/adela/), [Adialante](https://onco.cc/companies/adialante/), [AOA Dx](https://onco.cc/companies/aoa-dx/), [Biodesix](https://onco.cc/companies/biodesix/), [ClearNote Health](https://onco.cc/companies/clearnote-health/), [Color Health](https://onco.cc/companies/color-health/), [Cyted Health](https://onco.cc/companies/cyted-health/), [Delee](https://onco.cc/companies/delee/), [DELFI Diagnostics](https://onco.cc/companies/delfi-diagnostics/), [Elypta](https://onco.cc/companies/elypta/), [Exact Sciences (Abbott)](https://onco.cc/companies/exact-sciences/), [Exai Bio](https://onco.cc/companies/exai-bio/), [Freenome](https://onco.cc/companies/freenome/), [GRAIL](https://onco.cc/companies/grail/), [Guardant Health](https://onco.cc/companies/guardant-health/), [Harbinger Health](https://onco.cc/companies/harbinger-health/), [Helio Genomics](https://onco.cc/companies/helio-genomics/), [Hologic](https://onco.cc/companies/hologic/), [iSono Health](https://onco.cc/companies/isono-health/), [Kheiron Medical Technologies](https://onco.cc/companies/kheiron-medical-technologies/), [Lucence](https://onco.cc/companies/lucence/), [Lunit](https://onco.cc/companies/lunit/), [Nucleix](https://onco.cc/companies/nucleix/), [Numen](https://onco.cc/companies/numen/), [Optellum](https://onco.cc/companies/optellum/), [Owlstone Medical](https://onco.cc/companies/owlstone-medical/), [ScreenPoint Medical](https://onco.cc/companies/screenpoint-medical/), [Therapixel](https://onco.cc/companies/therapixel/), [Universal DX](https://onco.cc/companies/universal-dx/), [Vara](https://onco.cc/companies/vara/), [VolitionRx](https://onco.cc/companies/volitionrx/), [Volpara Health](https://onco.cc/companies/volpara-health/), [X-Zell](https://onco.cc/companies/x-zell/)
- bottlenecks: [The hardest cancers are found late](https://onco.cc/bottlenecks/b-early-detection/)

---
JSON: https://onco.cc/api/v1/entities/early-detection.json