# Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome)

Source: https://onco.cc/cancers/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/  
OnCo record `cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma` (Cancer). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma is a family of nine lymphomas that start in the skin and mostly stay there, of which mycosis fungoides is by far the commonest. Most of them are long-term skin conditions managed over decades rather than cancers that are cured or not cured, and two of the nine are genuinely aggressive.

## Summary

What the family is. Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas are lymphomas that start in the skin and, for most of their course, stay there. WHO-HAEM5 gives them a family of their own inside the chapter on mature T-cell and NK-cell neoplasms, and lists nine entities in it. The word primary is load-bearing: a systemic lymphoma that has spread to the skin is not a cutaneous lymphoma, is staged differently and is treated differently, so the first job after the biopsy is to show that there is no disease anywhere else.

The nine entities. Mycosis fungoides, which is the commonest by a wide margin and has its own page. The two primary cutaneous CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders, lymphomatoid papulosis and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma, which are two ends of one spectrum and both have pages. Primary cutaneous CD4-positive small or medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder, which usually presents as a single nodule on the head or neck and behaves benignly. Primary cutaneous acral CD8-positive lymphoproliferative disorder, which WHO-HAEM5 renamed from lymphoma to lymphoproliferative disorder because of how it behaves. Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma, which grows in the fat under the skin and can be mistaken for an inflammatory panniculitis. Primary cutaneous gamma/delta T-cell lymphoma and primary cutaneous CD8-positive aggressive epidermotropic cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma, the two genuinely aggressive members. And primary cutaneous peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified, a name coined in 2022 for the rare cases that fit none of the others.

What changed in 2022. Four of those entities, the gamma/delta lymphoma, the CD8-positive aggressive epidermotropic lymphoma, the acral CD8-positive disorder and the CD4-positive small or medium disorder, had been grouped in the previous classification under a single heading, cutaneous peripheral T-cell lymphoma, rare subtypes. WHO-HAEM5 separated them because their clinical behaviour, their appearance and their genetics differ, and the behaviour differs enormously: two of the four are indolent and two are aggressive, so a single heading hid the only fact a patient needed.

Why the dermatologist is part of the diagnosis. These conditions overlap under the microscope, and WHO-HAEM5 says so directly: because the appearances and the surface markers overlap across the primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, correlation with the clinical history, the signs and the symptoms is a key element of the work-up, and dermatological examination and clinical photographic documentation are indispensable. A biopsy of lymphomatoid papulosis read without the history is reported as an aggressive lymphoma; a biopsy of early mycosis fungoides read without the history is reported as eczema. Dated photographs and a record of how lesions have behaved over months are therefore part of the diagnostic material, not a courtesy.

What is not in this family. Sezary syndrome, although it is a disease of the skin and the blood and is managed by the same teams, is classified by WHO-HAEM5 among the mature T-cell and NK-cell leukaemias rather than among the primary cutaneous lymphomas, because it is leukaemic from the start; it has its own page here and is kept beside mycosis fungoides because that is how it is treated. The primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas, primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma, primary cutaneous follicle centre lymphoma and primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the leg type, arise in the skin from B cells and belong to the B-cell side of the classification; the first two are indolent and the third is not. Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma is in this family, while the systemic anaplastic large cell lymphomas are not, which is the distinction that most often goes wrong because the cells look the same.

How common they are, and how they behave. The skin lymphomas are rare. In the United Kingdom population series that reports lymphoma by subtype, mycosis fungoides accounted for 39 of 5,796 lymphomas and the CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders for 37, European age-standardised rates of 0.12 and 0.13 per 100,000 a year, with five-year relative survival of 86.6 and 88.3 per cent. Those two figures carry the character of the family: most of these conditions are long-term skin diseases that are managed for decades rather than cancers that are cured or not cured, and the usual harm is over-treatment rather than under-treatment. The aggressive members, the gamma/delta lymphoma and the CD8-positive aggressive epidermotropic lymphoma, are the exceptions and are treated as systemic disease from the start.

How they are staged. Mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome are staged by the ISCL and EORTC system revised in 2007, which classifies the skin, the lymph nodes, the viscera and the blood separately; that system is on the mycosis fungoides page. The other cutaneous lymphomas use a separate ISCL and EORTC system that records the number, size and distribution of skin lesions and whether lymph nodes or other organs are involved. Neither is the Lugano classification used for nodal lymphoma, because counting lymph node regions does not describe a disease that lives in the skin.

## Fields

- Kind: Cancer
- Last checked: 2026-09-29
- Also known as: CTCL; Mycosis fungoides; Sezary syndrome
- Tags: subtype-page
- Group: haematologic
- Burden: Rare. In the United Kingdom population series that reports lymphoma by subtype, mycosis fungoides accounted for 39 of 5,796 lymphomas and the primary cutaneous CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders for 37, European age-standardised rates of 0.12 and 0.13 per 100,000 a year, with five-year relative survival of 86.6 and 88.3 per cent respectively. The remaining entities in the family are individually rarer than either.
- Subtypes: Mycosis fungoides, early stage (patches and plaques); Mycosis fungoides, tumour stage and large-cell transformation; Folliculotropic mycosis fungoides; Sezary syndrome (erythroderma with blood involvement); Primary cutaneous CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders (related); Mycosis fungoides, the commonest, with its variants including the folliculotropic form; Primary cutaneous CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders: lymphomatoid papulosis and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma; Primary cutaneous CD4-positive small or medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder; Primary cutaneous acral CD8-positive lymphoproliferative disorder, renamed from lymphoma in 2022; Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma, which grows in the fat beneath the skin; Primary cutaneous gamma/delta T-cell lymphoma, one of the two aggressive members; Primary cutaneous CD8-positive aggressive epidermotropic cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma, the other; Primary cutaneous peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified, a name coined in 2022; Sezary syndrome, which is managed with this family but is classified among the mature T-cell leukaemias
- Biomarkers: Stage (skin, node, blood, viscera); CD30 expression (brentuximab vedotin); CCR4 expression and blood involvement (mogamulizumab); Large-cell transformation on biopsy; T-cell receptor clonality in skin and blood; Staging that shows no lymphoma outside the skin, which is what makes a cutaneous lymphoma primary; The clinical history and dated photographs, which WHO-HAEM5 calls indispensable because the appearances overlap; CD30, which separates the two CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders and decides whether brentuximab vedotin is an option; CD4 against CD8, and alpha-beta against gamma-delta T-cell receptor, which separate the indolent entities from the aggressive ones; A clonal T-cell receptor rearrangement in the skin and, where relevant, in the blood; Blood involvement, which moves the disease from a skin problem to a systemic one

## Sections of this record

The page is a hub with ten sections in reading order; large sections have their own page. The same plan as JSON: https://onco.cc/api/v1/cancers/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/sections.json

- Overview (on the hub): The TL;DR, the family this cancer belongs to, the organ, who gets it and what the state of the art is. https://onco.cc/cancers/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/#overview [4 subtypes, 6 state-of-the-art points]
- Types and stages (on the hub): Anatomy, the subtypes and how they differ, how it is staged, and where advanced disease spreads. https://onco.cc/cancers/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/#what-it-is [18 subtypes, 4 staging notes]
- Symptoms and diagnosis (on the hub): How this cancer shows itself, how the diagnosis is confirmed, and the biomarkers clinicians test for. https://onco.cc/cancers/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/#finding-it [6 symptoms, 11 biomarkers]
- Treatment (on the hub): The standard of care by setting, the medicines, surgery and radiotherapy named in it, and the regimens behind them. https://onco.cc/cancers/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/#treating-it [3 settings, 3 decisions with options]
- Trials and papers (on the hub): Trials recruiting now, the landmark trials, the trials held by this cancer's subtypes, the key papers and what they mean, the latest literature, and the milestones year by year. https://onco.cc/cancers/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/#evidence [11 trials, 6 key papers, 6 milestones]
- Biology and targets (on the hub): The molecular landscape: the targets and how often each appears, the pathways, the mechanics stages and the preclinical models. https://onco.cc/cancers/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/#science [11 targets, 2 pathways]
- Countries and centres (own page): Cases by country, the UK and NHS pathway and other country lenses, the expert centres with trials on record, and the centres named on this cancer's subtypes. https://onco.cc/cancers/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/where-you-are/ [3 centres, 16 centres in the subtypes, 25 UK centres]
- Decisions and support (on the hub): The decisions you may face, the aids that walk through them, the warnings on record, the first sixty days and the questions to ask. https://onco.cc/cancers/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/#living-with-it [15 questions, 6 red cards]
- Pipeline and open problems (own page): Everything in development, the medicines held by this cancer's subtypes, the open problems and what is being done about them, the roadmaps, and what changed on this record. https://onco.cc/cancers/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/coming/ [11 medicines, 9 medicines in the subtypes, 11 trials, 1 idea, 6 open problems]
- Data (own page): Every connected record, the notes, the JSON, Markdown and RDF twins, and where the record came from and when it was checked. https://onco.cc/cancers/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/data/ [103 connected records, 1 note]

## Standard of care

- Early stage (patches and plaques): Topical steroids, nitrogen mustard or bexarotene gel; narrowband UVB or PUVA phototherapy; local radiotherapy; total skin electron beam therapy for widespread disease. ([Total skin electron beam therapy](https://onco.cc/technologies/total-skin-electron-therapy/), [Superficial and orthovoltage radiotherapy for skin cancer](https://onco.cc/technologies/superficial-radiotherapy/), [Bexarotene](https://onco.cc/drugs/bexarotene/))
- Advanced skin or blood disease: Extracorporeal photopheresis, interferon, oral bexarotene, low-dose methotrexate; mogamulizumab for blood involvement (MAVORIC); brentuximab vedotin for CD30-positive disease (ALCANZA); vorinostat or romidepsin. ([Methoxsalen (extracorporeal photopheresis)](https://onco.cc/drugs/methoxsalen-ecp/), [Bexarotene](https://onco.cc/drugs/bexarotene/), [Methotrexate](https://onco.cc/drugs/methotrexate/), [Mogamulizumab](https://onco.cc/drugs/mogamulizumab/), [Brentuximab vedotin](https://onco.cc/drugs/brentuximab-vedotin/), [Vorinostat](https://onco.cc/drugs/vorinostat/), [Romidepsin](https://onco.cc/drugs/romidepsin/))
- Refractory or transformed: Gemcitabine or liposomal doxorubicin chemotherapy; allogeneic stem cell transplant in fit younger patients. ([Gemcitabine](https://onco.cc/drugs/gemcitabine/), [Allogeneic stem cell transplantation](https://onco.cc/technologies/allogeneic-hsct/))

## State of the art

- Mogamulizumab and brentuximab vedotin were the first targeted antibodies to beat standard care in randomised trials of this disease.
- Skin-directed therapy, including total skin electron beam, keeps most patients well for years without systemic drugs.
- Hypericin ointment activated by visible light (HyBryte) completed phase 3 and is under review.
- CCR4 is the antigen that defines treatment here. More than 80% of mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome carry it, and mogamulizumab, a defucosylated antibody that works mainly through natural killer cells, was tested against vorinostat in 372 previously treated patients.
- The cost is specific. CCR4 is also on regulatory T cells, so depleting it causes rash and raises the risk of autoimmune complications, and giving it shortly before an allogeneic transplant has been associated with severe graft-versus-host disease because the cells that would restrain it are gone.
- Clonality testing is used more here than in most lymphomas, because the differential against inflammatory skin disease cannot be settled on appearance, and because a clonal T-cell population can be found in reactive skin conditions too, so the result is evidence rather than a diagnosis.

## Open problems

- Diagnosis takes years because early disease mimics eczema.
- No cure without transplant.
- Quality of life with itch and visible disease is under-measured in trials.
- The diagnosis depends on a correlation between the biopsy and the clinical course, and that correlation is only as good as the access to a dermatologist who sees these conditions often. Most people with early mycosis fungoides are managed for years before anybody makes it.
- Over-treatment is the commonest harm in this family. Combination chemotherapy produces short remissions and real damage in conditions that are otherwise controlled for decades.
- The two aggressive entities in the family are individually so rare that their treatment rests on case series, and they are easy to mistake for the indolent ones at first.

## Notes

- Taxonomy. WHO-HAEM5 gives the primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas a family of their own with nine entities, and separated four of them from a single previous heading, cutaneous peripheral T-cell lymphoma, rare subtypes, because two of the four are indolent and two are aggressive. Sezary syndrome is classified among the mature T-cell and NK-cell leukaemias rather than in this family, and is kept beside mycosis fungoides here because that is how it is treated. The primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas arise in the skin and belong to the B-cell side of the classification.

## Sources

- Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycosis_fungoides
- Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycosis_fungoides
- WHO Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours, 5th edition: lymphoid neoplasms (Alaggio, Leukemia 2022): https://doi.org/10.1038/s41375-022-01620-2
- International Consensus Classification of Mature Lymphoid Neoplasms (Campo, Blood 2022): https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2022015851
- NCI PDQ: adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma treatment (health professional version): https://www.cancer.gov/types/lymphoma/hp/adult-nhl-treatment-pdq
- Lymphoma Action: types of lymphoma (UK patient charity): https://lymphoma-action.org.uk/types-lymphoma
- Lymphoma incidence, survival and prevalence 2004 to 2014, subtype analyses from the UK Haematological Malignancy Research Network (Smith, Br J Cancer 2015): https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2015.94

## Connected records

- cancers: [Adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/adult-t-cell-leukaemia-lymphoma/), [Lymphomatoid papulosis](https://onco.cc/cancers/lymphomatoid-papulosis/), [Marginal zone lymphoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/marginal-zone-lymphoma/), [Mycosis fungoides](https://onco.cc/cancers/mycosis-fungoides/), [Nodal T-follicular helper cell lymphoma, angioimmunoblastic type (angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma)](https://onco.cc/cancers/angioimmunoblastic-t-cell-lymphoma/), [Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (including cutaneous T-cell lymphoma)](https://onco.cc/cancers/peripheral-t-cell-lymphoma/), [Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/primary-cutaneous-anaplastic-large-cell-lymphoma/), [Primary cutaneous follicle centre lymphoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/primary-cutaneous-follicle-centre-lymphoma/), [Primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/primary-cutaneous-marginal-zone-lymphoma/), [Sezary syndrome](https://onco.cc/cancers/sezary-syndrome/), [Skin cancer (all types)](https://onco.cc/cancers/skin-cancer/)
- biomarkers: [CD30 expression (CD30-positive)](https://onco.cc/biomarkers/cd30-expression/), [Immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor clonality](https://onco.cc/biomarkers/ig-tcr-clonality/)
- technologies: [Allogeneic stem cell transplantation](https://onco.cc/technologies/allogeneic-hsct/), [Confocal microscopy and optical coherence tomography for skin (VivaScope, VivoSight, deepLive)](https://onco.cc/technologies/confocal-oct-skin-imaging/), [Early integrated palliative care](https://onco.cc/technologies/palliative-care/), [Electron beam therapy systems (linac electrons, total skin electron units, mobile electron IORT)](https://onco.cc/technologies/electron-beam-therapy-systems/), [Exercise during chemotherapy and radiotherapy](https://onco.cc/technologies/exercise-during-chemotherapy/), [FLASH research accelerators (Oriatron, Mobetron FLASH, ProBeam FLASH)](https://onco.cc/technologies/flash-research-accelerators/), [Histopathology & immunohistochemistry](https://onco.cc/technologies/histopathology-ihc/), [Immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor clonality testing](https://onco.cc/technologies/clonality-testing/), [Multidisciplinary tumour boards](https://onco.cc/technologies/multidisciplinary-tumour-board/), [Multiparameter flow cytometry MRD](https://onco.cc/technologies/flow-cytometry-mrd/), [Oncofertility and fertility preservation](https://onco.cc/technologies/fertility-preservation/), [Peer support and support groups](https://onco.cc/technologies/peer-support-groups/), [Prehabilitation before cancer surgery](https://onco.cc/technologies/prehabilitation/), [Psycho-oncology and distress screening](https://onco.cc/technologies/psycho-oncology/), [Superficial and orthovoltage radiotherapy for skin cancer](https://onco.cc/technologies/superficial-radiotherapy/), [Survivorship care and late-effects surveillance](https://onco.cc/technologies/survivorship-care-plan/), [Total skin electron beam therapy](https://onco.cc/technologies/total-skin-electron-therapy/)
- targets: [CCR4](https://onco.cc/targets/ccr4/), [CD30](https://onco.cc/targets/cd30/), [CD52](https://onco.cc/targets/cd52/), [HDAC9](https://onco.cc/targets/hdac9/), [IL2RB](https://onco.cc/targets/il2rb/), [IL2RG](https://onco.cc/targets/il2rg/), [JAK3](https://onco.cc/targets/jak3/), [STAT3](https://onco.cc/targets/stat3/), [STAT5 (STAT5A, STAT5B)](https://onco.cc/targets/stat5/)
- drugs: [Bexarotene](https://onco.cc/drugs/bexarotene/), [Brentuximab vedotin](https://onco.cc/drugs/brentuximab-vedotin/), [Gemcitabine](https://onco.cc/drugs/gemcitabine/), [Mechlorethamine (chlormethine)](https://onco.cc/drugs/mechlorethamine/), [Methotrexate](https://onco.cc/drugs/methotrexate/), [Methoxsalen (extracorporeal photopheresis)](https://onco.cc/drugs/methoxsalen-ecp/), [Mogamulizumab](https://onco.cc/drugs/mogamulizumab/), [Resminostat](https://onco.cc/drugs/resminostat/), [Romidepsin](https://onco.cc/drugs/romidepsin/), [Synthetic hypericin](https://onco.cc/drugs/hypericin-sgx301/), [Vorinostat](https://onco.cc/drugs/vorinostat/)
- pathways: [JAK-STAT signalling](https://onco.cc/pathways/jak-stat/), [Tumour microenvironment (TME)](https://onco.cc/pathways/tumor-microenvironment/)
- terms: [A clinical trial or standard treatment in lymphoma](https://onco.cc/terms/lymphoma-decision-trial/), [B-cell, T-cell and NK-cell lymphoma](https://onco.cc/terms/lymphoma-b-versus-t-cell/), [Cancer-related fatigue (tiredness)](https://onco.cc/terms/cancer-related-fatigue/), [Central venous access (port, PICC line)](https://onco.cc/terms/central-venous-access/), [Fatigue after lymphoma treatment, and why it is a symptom to report](https://onco.cc/terms/lymphoma-living-fatigue/), [Febrile neutropenia](https://onco.cc/terms/febrile-neutropenia/), [Financial toxicity](https://onco.cc/terms/financial-toxicity/), [Going back to work after lymphoma, and the money in the meantime](https://onco.cc/terms/lymphoma-living-returning-to-work/), [Indolent and aggressive lymphoma](https://onco.cc/terms/lymphoma-indolent-versus-aggressive/), [Late effects and survivorship toxicity](https://onco.cc/terms/late-effects/), [Living with an indolent lymphoma rather than being cured of one](https://onco.cc/terms/lymphoma-living-indolent-lymphoma/), [Neutropenia](https://onco.cc/terms/neutropenia/), [Nodal and extranodal lymphoma](https://onco.cc/terms/lymphoma-nodal-versus-extranodal/), [Radiotherapy in lymphoma: involved-site fields, 24 Gy, 4 Gy and total skin electron therapy](https://onco.cc/terms/lymphoma-tx-radiotherapy/), [Skin-directed therapy in mycosis fungoides: creams, light and small radiotherapy fields](https://onco.cc/terms/lymphoma-tx-skin-directed-therapy/), [The two lymphoma classifications of 2022 (WHO-HAEM5 and ICC)](https://onco.cc/terms/lymphoma-classification-2022/), [What it costs to aim at a lineage antigen](https://onco.cc/terms/lymphoma-bio-lineage-antigen-cost/), [What the NHS in England funds for lymphoma, appraisal by appraisal](https://onco.cc/terms/lymphoma-tx-uk-access/)
- trials: [A Phase IIa Clinical Study of Purinostat Mesylate for Injection in Patients With Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma and Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06485219/), [A Single Agent Phase II Study of Romidepsin (Depsipeptide, FK228) in the Treatment of Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma (CTCL)](https://onco.cc/trials/nct00106431/), [ALCANZA](https://onco.cc/trials/alcanza/), [Confirmatory Study of Topical HyBryte™ vs. Placebo for the Treatment of CTCL](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06470451/), [Extracorporeal Photopheresis and Mogamulizumab for the Treatment of Erythrodermic Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma](https://onco.cc/trials/nct04930653/), [FLASH [Fluorescent Light Activated Synthetic Hypericin] Clinical Study: Topical SGX301 (Synthetic Hypericin) for the Treatment of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (Mycosis Fungoides)](https://onco.cc/trials/nct02448381/), [HyBryte (Synthetic Hypericin) Versus Valchlor (Mechlorethamine) in the Treatment of CTCL](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06149247/), [MAVORIC](https://onco.cc/trials/mavoric/), [PUVA Maintenance Therapy in Mycosis Fungoides](https://onco.cc/trials/nct01686594/), [Resminostat for Maintenance Treatment of Patients With Advanced Stage Mycosis Fungoides (MF) or Sézary Syndrome (SS)](https://onco.cc/trials/nct02953301/), [Study 201](https://onco.cc/trials/study-201/)
- key papers: [ALCANZA: brentuximab vedotin versus physician's choice in CD30-positive cutaneous T-cell lymphoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-alcanza-brentuximab-vedotin-lancet-2017/), [Detection and isolation of type C retrovirus particles from fresh and cultured lymphocytes of a patient with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-poiesz-htlv-retrovirus-cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma-pnas-1980/), [MAVORIC: mogamulizumab versus vorinostat in previously treated cutaneous T-cell lymphoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-mavoric-mogamulizumab-lancet-oncol-2018/), [Revisions to the staging and classification of mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome (ISCL/EORTC)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-olsen-mycosis-fungoides-staging-blood-2007/), [Topical chemotherapy in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: positive results of a randomized, controlled, multicenter trial testing the efficacy and safety of a novel mechlorethamine, 0.02%, gel in mycosis fungoides](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-study-201-jama-dermatol-2013/), [WHO classification of haematolymphoid tumours, fifth edition: lymphoid neoplasms](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-who-2022-lymphoid-alaggio-leukemia-2022/)
- companies: [4SC](https://onco.cc/companies/4sc/), [Soligenix](https://onco.cc/companies/soligenix/)
- roadmaps: [Lymphoma roadmap: from a jaw tumour in Uganda and the first human cancer virus to gene-expression subtypes, PET-adapted chemotherapy, CAR-T cells, bispecific antibodies and the genetics-directed trials now recruiting](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/lymphoma-roadmap/)
- ideas: [Randomised evidence for the T-cell lymphomas, including the ones that are not in Europe or North America](https://onco.cc/ideas/lymphoma-ev-randomised-evidence-for-the-t-cell-lymphomas/)
- institutions: [Anthony Nolan](https://onco.cc/institutions/anthony-nolan/), [Blood Cancer UK](https://onco.cc/institutions/blood-cancer-uk/), [Lymphoma Action](https://onco.cc/institutions/lymphoma-action/)
- people: [H. Miles Prince](https://onco.cc/people/miles-prince/), [Youn H. Kim](https://onco.cc/people/youn-kim/)

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JSON: https://onco.cc/api/v1/entities/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma.json